Bace inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides BACE inhibitors of Formula I: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     methods for their use, intermediates, and methods for their preparation.

The present invention is in the field of treatment of Alzheimer'sdisease and other diseases and disorders involving amyloid β (Aβ)peptide, a neurotoxic and highly aggregatory peptide segment of amyloidprecursor protein (APP). Complete or partial inhibition of β-secretaseor β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme (BACE) has beenshown to have a significant effect on plaque-related andplaque-dependent pathologies in mouse models suggesting that even smallreductions in Aβ levels might result in long-term significant reductionin plaque burden and synaptic deficits, thus providing significanttherapeutic benefits.

Currently described BACE inhibitors are peptidomimetic transition stateanalogs, typically containing a hydroxyethyl moiety. Although many ofthese compounds are potent inhibitors of BACE, their high molecularweights and low membrane permeability make them poor drug candidates.See Park and Lee, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 125(52),16416-16422 (2003). There has been a progression from largepeptidomimetic molecules to small molecules, such as a variety ofhydroxyethylamine scaffolds as well as heterocyclic-containingscaffolds. See e.g., Durham and Shepherd, Current Opinion in DrugDiscovery & Development, 9(6), 776-791 (2006). Certain aminothiazinecompounds have been described as BACE inhibitors in WO 2007/049532, WO2008/133273, and WO 2008/133274.

BACE inhibitors that are potent and more efficacious are necessary toprovide treatments for Aβ peptide-mediated disorders, such asAlzheimer's disease. The present invention provides new potent andefficacious inhibitors of BACE.

The present invention provides compounds of Formula I:

-   -   wherein:    -   X is —CH₂— or —O—;    -   n is 0 or 1;    -   m is 0, 1, or 2;    -   p is 0 or 1; p must be 0 when X is —O—;    -   R¹ is —NHCOR₄, pyrimidinyl, pyridinyl optionally substituted        with halo or phenyl optionally monosubstituted with —C₁-C₃        alkoxy;    -   R² is halo;    -   R³ is —C₁-C₃ alkoxy, hydroxy, or —O—CH₂—O—CH₃; and    -   R⁴ is phenyl, pyridinyl optionally substituted with halo,        pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with halo, pyrizinyl, or        thiazolyl;    -   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention also provides a method of treating Alzheimer'sdisease in a patient comprising administering to a patient in need ofsuch treatment an effective amount of a compound of the presentinvention.

The present invention further provides a method of preventing theprogression of mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease in apatient comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatmentan effective amount of a compound of the present invention or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention further provides a method of preventing theprogression in a patient at risk for developing Alzheimer's diseasecomprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment aneffective amount of a compound of the present invention or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention also provides a method of inhibiting BACE in apatient comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatmentan effective amount of a compound of the present invention or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention also provides a method for inhibitingBACE-mediated cleavage of amyloid precursor protein comprisingadministering to a patient in need of such treatment an effective amountof a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof.

The present invention further provides a method for the inhibition ofproduction of Aβ peptide comprising administering to a patient in needof such treatment an effective amount of a compound of the presentinvention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical formulationcomprising a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier,diluent, or excipient. In a particular embodiment, the formulationfurther comprises one or more other therapeutic agents.

Furthermore, this invention provides a compound of the invention or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in therapy, inparticular for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease or for theprevention of the progression of mild cognitive impairment toAlzheimer's disease. Even furthermore, this invention provides the useof a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment ofAlzheimer's disease. This invention also provides the use of a compoundof the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for themanufacture of a medicament for the prevention of the progression ofmild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. The invention alsoprovides the use of a compound of the invention or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for theinhibition of BACE. The invention further provides the use of a compoundof the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for themanufacture of a medicament for the inhibition of production of Aβpeptide.

Additionally, this invention provides a pharmaceutical formulationadapted for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, thisinvention provides a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for theprevention of the progression of mild cognitive impairment toAlzheimer's disease. This invention also provides a pharmaceuticalformulation adapted for the inhibition of BACE.

Furthermore the present invention provides a pharmaceutical formulationadapted for the inhibition of BACE-mediated cleavage of amyloidprecursor protein. The present invention also provides a pharmaceuticalformulation adapted for the treatment of conditions resulting fromexcessive levels of Aβ peptide comprising a compound of the invention ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers, or diluents.

The general chemical terms used in the formulae above have their usualmeanings. For example, the term “—C₁-C₃ alkoxy” is a —C₁-C₃ alkyl groupbonded to an oxygen atom and refers to methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, andiso-propoxy. However, “halo” refers to fluoro and chloro.

The term “nitrogen protecting group” is taken to mean a moiety that isstable to projected reaction conditions and yet may be selectivelyremoved by reagents and reaction conditions compatible with theregenerated amine Such groups are well known by the skilled artisan andare described in the literature. See, e.g., Greene and Wuts, ProtectiveGroups in Organic Synthesis, Third Edition, Chapter 7, John Wiley andSons Inc., (1999).

The term “inhibition of production of Aβ peptide” is taken to meandecreasing of in vivo levels of Aβ peptide in a mammal.

The term “effective amount of a compound of Formula I” is taken to meanthe dose or doses of a compound of the invention required to inhibitBACE sufficiently to decrease in vivo levels of Aβ peptide in a mammal.

Mild cognitive impairment has been defined as a potential prodromalphase of dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease based on clinicalpresentation and on progression of patients exhibiting mild cognitiveimpairment to Alzheimer's dementia over time. (Morris, et al., Arch.Neurol., 58, 397-405 (2001); Petersen, et al., Arch. Neurol., 56,303-308 (1999)). The term “prevention of the progression of mildcognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease” includes slowing,arresting, or reversing the progression of mild cognitive impairment toAlzheimer's disease in a patient.

The skilled artisan will appreciate that compounds of the invention canexist in tautomeric forms, as depicted in FIG. 1). When any reference inthis application to one of the specific tautomers of the compounds ofthe invention is given, it is understood to encompass both tautomericforms and all mixtures thereof.

The skilled artisan will appreciate that compounds of the invention arecomprised of a core that contains at least two chiral centers:

Although the present invention contemplates all individual enantiomers,as well as mixtures of the enantiomers of said compounds includingracemates, the compounds with the absolute configuration at the atomslabeled 1 and 2 as illustrated in FIG. 2) are preferred compounds of theinvention.

Additionally, the skilled artisan will appreciate that additional chiralcenters may be created in the compounds of the invention by theselection of certain variables. The present invention contemplates allindividual enantiomers or diastereomers, as well as mixtures of theenantiomers and diastereomers of said compounds including racemates.

The skilled artisan will also appreciate that the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (R)or (S) designations for all chiral centers will vary depending upon thesubstitution patterns of the particular compound. The single enantiomersor diastereomers may be prepared beginning with chiral reagents or bystereoselective or stereospecific synthetic techniques. Alternatively,the single enantiomers or diastereomers may be isolated from mixtures bystandard chiral chromatographic or crystallization techniques at anyconvenient point in the synthesis of compounds of the invention. Singleenantiomers and diastereomers of compounds of the invention are apreferred embodiment of the invention.

The compounds of the present invention are amines, and accordingly reactwith any of a number of inorganic and organic acids to formpharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts. Pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts and common methodology for preparing them are wellknown in the art. See, e.g., P. Stahl, et al. Handbook of PharmaceuticalSalts: Properties, Selection and Use, (VCHA/Wiley-VCH, 2002); S. M.Berge, et al., “Pharmaceutical Salts,” Journal of PharmaceuticalSciences, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 1977. Preferred pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts are those formed with hydrochloric acid.

Although all of the compounds of the invention are useful inhibitors ofBACE, certain classes of compounds are preferred. The followingparagraphs describe such preferred classes:

-   -   a) n is 0;    -   b) n is 1;    -   c) m is 0;    -   d) m is 1;    -   e) m is 2;    -   f) p is 0;    -   g) p is 1;    -   h) p must be 0 when X is —O—;    -   i) X is —O—;    -   j) X is —CH₂—;    -   k) R¹ is —NHCOR₄;    -   l) R¹ is pyridinyl;    -   m) R¹ is pyridinyl optionally substituted with —Cl and —F;    -   n) R¹ is pyrimidinyl;    -   o) R¹ is pyrimidinyl or pyridinyl optionally substituted with        halo;    -   p) R¹ is —NHCOR₄, pyrimidinyl, or pyridinyl optionally        substituted with —Cl and —F;    -   q) R¹ is —NHCOR₄, phenyl optionally substituted with —C₁-C₃        alkoxy, pyrimidinyl, or pyridinyl optionally substituted with        —Cl and —F;    -   r) R¹ is —NHCOR₄, phenyl optionally substituted with —C₁-C₃        alkoxy, or pyrimidinyl;    -   s) R¹ is —NHCOR₄ or pyrimidinyl;    -   t) R² is fluoro;    -   u) R³ is —C₁-C₃ alkoxy or hydroxy;    -   v) R³ is —OCH₃, —OCH₂(CH₃)₂, or hydroxy;    -   w) R⁴ is phenyl x) R⁴ is thiazolyl;    -   y) R⁴ is pyridinyl optionally substituted with —Cl or —F,        pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with halo, or pyrizinyl;    -   z) R⁴ is pyridinyl optionally substituted with halo, pyrimidinyl        optionally substituted with halo, or thiazolyl;    -   aa) R⁴ is pyridinyl optionally substituted with halo,        pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with halo, pyrizinyl, or        thiazolyl;    -   bb) R⁴ is pyridinyl optionally substituted with halo or        pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with halo;    -   cc) R⁴ is pyridinyl;    -   dd) R⁴ is pyridinyl optionally substituted with halo;    -   ee) R⁴ is pyridinyl optionally substituted with fluoro;    -   ff) The compound of the invention has a cis configuration at the        chiral centers at the junction of the fused aminothiazine ring;    -   gg) The compound of the invention is a free base;    -   hh) The compound of the invention is a pharmaceutically        acceptable salt;    -   ii) The compound of the invention is the hydrochloride salt.    -   jj) The compound of the invention is the dihydrochloride salt.    -   kk) The compound of the invention is the ethanesulfonate salt.    -   ll) The compound of the invention is the p-toluenesulfonate        salt.

A preferred embodiment of the compounds of the present invention relatesto compounds of the invention, wherein X is —CH₂— or —O—; n is 0 or 1; mis 0, 1, or 2; p is 0 or 1; p must be 0 when X is —O—; R¹ is —NHCOR₄,pyrimidinyl, or pyridinyl optionally substituted with halo; R² isfluoro; R³ is —C₁-C₃ alkoxy or hydroxy; R⁴ is pyridinyl optionallysubstituted with halo, pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with halo,pyrizinyl, or thiazolyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.In said embodiment, halo is chloro or fluoro when R⁴ is pyridinyl orchloro when R⁴ is pyrimidinyl. Furthermore, in said embodiment, it ispreferred that the compounds possess a cis configuration at the chiralcenters at the junction of the fused aminothiazine ring; or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Another preferred embodiment of the compounds of the present inventionrelates to compounds of Formula I, wherein X is —CH₂— or —O—; n is 0 or1; m is 0 or 1; p is 1; p must be 0 when X is —O—; R¹ is —NHCOR₄, phenyloptionally substituted with —C₁-C₃ alkoxy, pyrimidinyl, or pyridinyloptionally substituted with halo; R² is fluoro; R³ is —C₁-C₃ alkoxy orhydroxy; R⁴ is pyridinyl optionally substituted with halo, pyrimidinyloptionally substituted with halo, or thiazolyl; or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof. In said embodiment, halo is chloro or fluorowhen R⁴ is pyridinyl or pyrimidinyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof. Furthermore, in said embodiment, it is preferred that thecompounds possess a cis configuration at the chiral centers at thejunction of the fused aminothiazine ring; or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof.

A more preferred embodiment of the compounds of the present inventionrelates to compounds of Formula I, wherein X is —CH₂— or —O—; n is 0 or1; m is 0, 1, or 2; p is 0 or 1; p must be 0 when X is —O—; R¹ is—NHCOR₄ or pyrimidinyl; R² is fluoro; R³ is —C₁-C₃ alkoxy or hydroxy; R⁴is pyridinyl optionally substituted with halo, pyrimidinyl optionallysubstituted with halo, pyrizinyl, or thiazolyl; or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof. In said embodiment, halo is chloro or fluorowhen R⁴ is pyridinyl or pyrimidinyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof. Furthermore, in said embodiment, it is preferred that thecompounds possess a cis configuration at the chiral centers at thejunction of the fused aminothiazine ring; or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof.

A further embodiment of the compounds of the present invention relatesto compounds of Formula I, wherein X is —CH₂— or —O—; n is 0 or 1; m is0 or 1; p is 0 or 1; p must be 0 when X is —O—; R¹ is —NHCOR₄, phenyloptionally substituted with —C₁-C₃ alkoxy, or pyrimidinyl; R² is fluoro;R³ is —C₁-C₃ alkoxy or hydroxy; R⁴ is pyridinyl optionally substitutedwith halo, pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with halo, pyrizinyl, orthiazolyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In saidembodiment, halo is chloro or fluoro when R⁴ is pyridinyl orpyrimidinyl. Furthermore, in said embodiment, it is preferred that thecompounds possess a cis configuration at the chiral centers at thejunction of the fused aminothiazine ring; or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof.

A most preferred embodiment of the compounds of the present inventionrelates to compounds of Formula I, wherein X is —CH₂— or —O—; n is 0 or1; m is 0 or 1; p is 0 or 1; p must be 0 when X is —O—; R¹ is —NHCOR₄ orpyrimidinyl; R² is fluoro; R³ is —C₁-C₃ alkoxy or hydroxy; R⁴ ispyridinyl optionally substituted with halo, or pyrimidinyl optionallysubstituted with halo; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Insaid embodiment, halo is chloro or fluoro when R⁴ is pyridinyl orpyrimidinyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Furthermore,in said embodiment, it is preferred that the compounds possess a cisconfiguration at the chiral centers at the junction of the fusedaminothiazine ring; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Another most preferred embodiment of the compounds of the presentinvention relates to compounds of Formula I, wherein X is —CH₂— or —O—;n is 0 or 1; m is 0 or 1; p is 0; R¹ is —NHCOR₄; R² is fluoro; R⁴ ispyridinyl optionally substituted with halo; or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof. In said embodiment, halo is chloro or fluorowhen R⁴ is pyridinyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.Furthermore, in said embodiment, it is preferred that the compoundspossess a cis configuration at the chiral centers at the junction of thefused aminothiazine ring; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

An especially preferred embodiment of the compounds of the presentinvention relates to compounds of Formula I wherein X is —O—; n is 0; mis 1; p is 0; R¹ is —NHCOR₄; R² is halo; R⁴ is pyridinyl substitutedwith halo; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In saidembodiment, it is preferred that R² is fluoro; or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof. Further, in said embodiment, it is preferredthat the compounds possess a cis configuration at the chiral centers atthe junction of the fused aminothiazine ring; or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof.

A further especially preferred embodiment of the compounds of thepresent invention relating to compounds of Formula I is

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Another especially preferred embodiment of the compounds of the presentinvention relating to compounds of Formula I is

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The compounds of Formula I are inhibitors of BACE. Thus, the presentinvention also provides a method of inhibiting BACE in a mammal thatcomprises administering to a mammal in need of said treatment aBACE-inhibiting amount of a compound of Formula I. It is preferred thatthe mammal to be treated by the administration of the compounds ofFormula I is human.

As inhibitors of BACE, the compounds of the present invention are usefulfor suppressing the production of Aβ peptide, and therefore for thetreatment of disorders resulting from excessive Aβ peptide levels due toover-production and/or reduced clearance of Aβ peptide. A furtherembodiment of the present invention is the use of a compound of FormulaI for the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease orcondition capable of being improved or prevented by inhibition of BACE.The compounds of Formula I are therefore believed to be useful intreating or preventing Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment,Down's Syndrome, Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage with Amyloidosis of theDutch-Type, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, other degenerative dementiassuch as: dementias of mixed vascular and degenerative origin, dementiaassociated with Parkinson's disease, dementia associated withprogressive supranuclear palsy, dementia associated cortical basaldegeneration, and diffuse Lewy body type of Alzheimer's disease.

The compounds of the present invention, or salts thereof, may beprepared by a variety of procedures known in the art, some of which areillustrated in the Schemes, Preparations, and Examples below. Thespecific synthetic steps for each of the routes described may becombined in different ways, or in conjunction with steps from differentschemes, to prepare compounds of Formula I, or salts thereof. Theproducts of each step in the schemes below can be recovered byconventional methods, including extraction, evaporation, precipitation,chromatography, filtration, trituration, and crystallization.

Certain stereochemical centers have been left unspecified and certainsubstituents have been eliminated in the following schemes for the sakeof clarity and are not intended to limit the teaching of the schemes inany way. Furthermore, individual isomers, enantiomers, or diastereomersmay be separated at any convenient point in the synthesis of compoundsof Formula I by methods such as chiral chromatography. Additionally, theintermediates described in the following schemes contain a number ofnitrogen protecting groups. The variable protecting group may be thesame or different in each occurrence depending on the particularreaction conditions and the particular transformations to be performed.The protection and deprotection conditions are well known to the skilledartisan and are described in the literature. See. e.g., Greene and Wuts,Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, supra.

The abbreviations used herein are defined according to AldrichimicaActa, Vol. 17, No. 1, 1984. Other abbreviations are defined as follows:“Prep” refers to preparation; “Ex” refers to example; “min” refers tominute or minutes; “ACN” refers to acetonitrile; “DIPEA” refers todiisopropylethylamine; “DIC” refers to diisopropylcarbodiimide; “Et₂O”refers to diethyl ether; “EtOAc” refers to ethyl acetate; “HATU” refersto 2-(1H-7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl uroniumhexafluorophosphate methanaminium “HBTU” refers toO-benzotriazole-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-uronium-hexafluoro-phosphate;“HOAt” refers to 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; “iPrOH” refers toisopropanol; “MeOH” refers to methyl alcohol or methanol; “(OEt)” refersto ethoxide; “PyBOP” refers tobenzotriazol-1-yloxytripyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate;“PyBrop” refers to bromo-tris-pyrrolidino phosphoniumhexafluorophosphate; “DMAP” refers to 4-dimethylaminopyridine; “PPh₃” refers totriphenylphosphine; “TFA” refers to trifluoroacetic acid; “THF” refersto tetrahydrofuran; “EtOH” refers to ethyl alcohol or ethanol; “SCX”refers to strong cation exchange; “T_(R)” refers to retention time;“IC₅₀” refers to the concentration of an agent that produces 50% of themaximal inhibitory response possible for that agent; “APP” refers toamyloid precursor protein; “DMEM” refers to Dulbecco's Modified Eagle'sMedium; “F12” refers to Ham's F12 medium; “FBS” refers to Fetal BovineSerum; “FRET” refers to fluorescence resonance energy transfer; “HEK”refers to human embryonic kidney “PDAPP” refers to platelet derivedamyloid precursor protein; and “RFU” refers to relative fluorescenceunit.

In the schemes below, all substituents unless otherwise indicated, areas previously defined. The reagents and starting materials are generallyreadily available to one of ordinary skill in the art. Others may bemade by standard techniques of organic and heterocyclic chemistry whichare analogous to the syntheses of known structurally-similar compoundsand the procedures described in the Preparations and Examples whichfollow including any novel procedures.

Scheme I depicts the acylation of an appropriate amine compound offormula (1) with an aryl carboxylic acid of formula (2) to give acompound of formula (I) after the deprotection of the intermediate (3).“PG” is a protecting group developed for the amino group, such ascarbamates and amides. Such protecting groups are well known andappreciated in the art.

A compound of formula (1) is reacted with a compound of formula (2)under coupling conditions. One skilled in the art will recognize thatthere are a number of methods and reagents for amide formation resultingfrom the reaction of carboxylic acids and amines For example, thereaction of an appropriate compound of formula (1) with an appropriateacid of formula (2) in the presence of a coupling reagent and an aminebase, such as DIPEA or triethylamine, will give a compound of formula(3). Coupling reagents include carbodiimides, such as DCC, DIC, EDCI,and aromatic coupling reagents, such as HOBt and HOAt. Additionally,uronium or phosphonium salts of non-nucleophilic anions, such as HBTU,HATU, PyBOP, and PyBrOP can be used in place of the more traditionalcoupling reagents. Additives such as DMAP may be used to enhance thereactions. Alternatively, a compound of formula (1) can be acylatedusing substituted benzoyl chlorides in the presence of a base, such astriethylamine or pyridine.

The protecting group in intermediate (3) can be removed under acidic orbasic conditions to give the compounds of formula (1). The deprotectionof such compounds is well known and appreciated in the art.

In an optional step, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound ofFormula (I) can be formed by reaction of an appropriate free base ofFormula (I) with an appropriate pharmaceutically acceptable acid in asuitable solvent under standard conditions. Additionally, the formationof such salts can occur simultaneously upon deprotection of a nitrogenprotecting group. The formation of such salts is well known andappreciated in the art.

Scheme II depicts the alkylation of an appropriate compound of formula(4) with an aryl boronic acid (5) to give a compound of formula I afterdeprotection of the intermediate (6). Y is trifluoromethanesulfonyl or ahalogen, such as Br or I. R¹ is an aryl group, such as phenyl, or aheteroaryl group, such as pyridinyl.

For example, an appropriate compound of formula (4) is reacted with anappropriate boronic acid (6) under Suzuki-Miyaura cross couplingconditions. The skilled artisan will recognize that there are a varietyof conditions useful for facilitating such cross-coupling reactions.Accordingly, a suitable palladium reagent includesbis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) chloride,tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0) with tricyclohexylphosphine,(1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) chloride, palladiumtetrakistriphenylphosphine, or palladium(II) acetate. A suitable baseincludes cesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, orpotassium phosphate tribasic monohydrate.

The protecting group can be removed under acidic or basic conditions togive bi-aryl compounds of formula I. The deprotection of such compoundsis well known and appreciated in the art.

Scheme III depicts two variations to prepare the primary amine (1)starting from an appropriate aryl bromide (7).

In one variation, azido-dehalogenation is performed on the appropriatearyl bromide (7) in the presence of an azide source, such as sodiumazide. Such azido-dehalogenation reactions are well known andappreciated in the art. Reduction of the resulting azide (8) to theprimary amine (1) may be effected by using a number of reducing agentswell known in the art, such as LiAlH₄, NaBH₄, PPh₃, or via hydrogenationconditions that are well known and described in the art.

Alternatively, the appropriate primary amine (1) can be prepareddirectly by reacting an appropriate aryl bromide (7) with an ammoniasurrogate, such as trifluoroacetamide in the presence of a catalyst,such as copper iodide, a base, such as potassium carbonate, and aligand, such as (+/−) trans N,N′-dimethyl 1,2-cyclohexanediamine. Suchreactions are well known and appreciated in the art.

As will be readily appreciated, compounds of formula (7) can be promptlyprepared by methods similar to those described herein by procedures thatare well-known and established in the art. As will be readilyunderstood, the steps to prepare the compounds of formula I aredependent upon the particular compound being synthesized, the startingcompound, and the relative lability of the substituted moieties.

PREPARATIONS AND EXAMPLES

The following preparations and examples further illustrate theinvention.

The names for the compounds of the present invention are provided byChemDraw® Ultra, version 10.0.

The mass spectrometry data, unless specified otherwise, is obtained viaLC/MS: Phenomenex Gemini C₁₈ (2.0×50 μm, 3.5 nm) column at a temperatureof 50° C.+/−10° C. with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The elution system is 5to 100% ACN w/0.1% ammonium hydroxide for 7.0 minutes then held at 100%ACN for 1.0 minute coupled with electrospray ionization (100-800 amuscan range; 0.2 amu step; 80v Fragmentor; 1.0 gain; 80 threshold).

The gas chromatography data unless specified otherwise is obtained viaGC/MS: Agilent gas chromatography DB-5 ms (0.25 mm×15 m×0.25 nm) with atemperature program of 60-280° C. in 7.3 minutes then held at 280° C.for 2.0 minutes and a split ratio of 20:1.

Preparation 1 tert-Butyl 2-(allyloxy)acetate

Tetrabutylammonium hydrogenosulfate (470 g, 1.40 mol) is added to asolution of sodium hydroxide (6.6 Kg, 165 mol) in water (14 L) andtoluene (14 L) at 20° C. Allyl alcohol (801.5 g, 13.8 mol) is added andthe mixture is stirred at 20° C. for 1 h. The mixture is cooled to 5°C., and tert-butyl 2-bromoacetate (4 Kg, 20.5 mol) is added slowlymaintaining the internal temperature below 15° C. The reaction mixtureis stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The mixture is diluted withwater (12 L) and hexanes (12 L) and the organic phase is separated. Theaqueous phase is extracted with MTBE (5 L). The combined organic phaseis dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to affordthe title compound as colorless oil (2.6 Kg, 100%). ES/MS m/e: 173(M+1).

Preparation 2 2-(Allyloxy) acetic acid

Tert-butyl 2-(allyloxy)acetate (2.6 Kg, 15.1 mol) is added todichloromethane (14 L). 4 M HCl in dioxane (14 L) is added in oneportion and the solution is stirred at 25° C. for 16 h. The solvent isremoved under reduced pressure and the residue is dried under vacuum atroom temperature to afford the title compound (2.2 Kg, 100%). ES/MS m/e:117 (M+1).

Preparation 3 2-(Allyloxy)-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide

Thionyl chloride (1.5 L) is added in one portion to a solution of2-(allyloxy) acetic acid (2.2 Kg, 18.9 mol) in toluene (3.0 L), and themixture is heated at 65° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 h. Themixture is cooled to room temperature and is added to a solution ofN,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.1 Kg, 21.5 mol) and N-methylmorpholine (6.5 L, 59.2 mol) in dichloromethane (19 L) at 5° C. Thereaction mixture is stirred at 25° C. for 16 h. Water is added, and thereaction mixture is extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organicphase is collected and washed with 1 M HCl (6 L), dried over magnesiumsulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue is purifiedby silica gel chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate in hexanes toafford the title compound (1.49 Kg, 50%). ES/MS m/e: 160 (M+1).

Preparation 4 2-(Allyloxy)-1-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)ethanone

To a stirred −72° C. solution of 4-bromo-1-fluoro-2-iodobenzene (130.4g, 433.5 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (722 mL) is added 2.5 M butyl lithiumin hexane (173.4 mL, 433.5 mmol) under a nitrogen atmosphere over 40min. The reaction is stirred for 30 minutes at −72° C. and2-(allyloxy)-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide (57.5 g, 361.2 mmol) intetrahydrofuran (115 mL) is added dropwise for 35 minutes. After 45 minat −72° C., the cooling bath is removed and mixture is warmed to 25° C.The reaction is quenched with saturated aqueous NH₄Cl (500 mL), dilutedwith water (300 mL) and extracted three times with ethyl acetate.Organics are combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and thesolvent is removed under reduced pressure. The residue is purified bysilica gel chromatography using a linear gradient of 5% to 10% ethylacetate in hexanes to give the title compound (63 g, 64%). ES/MS m/e(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 273/275 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 1 are prepared essentially as describedin the preparation of 2-(allyloxy)-1-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)ethanone.

TABLE 1 Prep Chemical name NMR or ES/MS (m/e) 4a2-(Allyloxy)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethanone NMR¹ 4b2-(Allyloxy)-1-(3-bromo-5- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 271/ fluorophenyl)ethanone 273 (M− 1) 4c 2-(Allyloxy)-1-(5-bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 291/difluorophenyl)ethanone² 293 (M + 1) 4d 2-(Allyloxy)-1-(3-bromo-4-Isomer 1: (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) fluorophenyl)ethanone; 273/275 (M + 1);2-(allyloxy)-1-(2-fluoro-5- Isomer 2: iodophenyl)ethanone³ 593 (M + 1) ¹¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 8.06 (t, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.86-7.84 (m, 1H),7.71-7.68 (m, 1H), 7.34 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 5.98-5.91 (m, 1H),5.34-5.23 (m, 2H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 4.14-4.11 (m, 2H). ²Diethyl ether isutilized instead of THF as the reaction solvent. ³3:1 Toluene:hexane isutilized instead of THF as the reaction solvent. Compounds are recoveredas a mixture

Preparation 5 2-(Allyloxy)-1-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)ethanone oxime

To a solution of 2-(allyloxy)-1-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)ethanone (118 g,432.1 mmol) in ethanol (1.7 L) is added hydroxylamine hydrochloride(34.5 g, 496.9 mmol) and sodium ethanoate (40.8 g, 496.9 mmol) at 25° C.The reaction is heated at 70° C. for 1 hr. The reaction is cooled andthe solvent is removed under reduced pressure. The residue is washedwith water (1 L) and is extracted three times with dichloromethane(3×500 mL). The organic phase is dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered,and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure, to obtain the titlecompound as a mixture of two possible oximes (120 g, 96%). ES/MS m/e(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 288, 290 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 2 are prepared essentially as describedin the preparation of 2-(allyloxy)-1-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)ethanoneoxime.

TABLE 2 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 5a(E,Z)-2-(Allyloxy)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethanone (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) oxime 270/2725b (E,Z)-2-(Allyloxy)-1-(3-bromo-5- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) fluorophenyl)ethanoneoxime 288/290 5c (E,Z)-2-(Allyloxy)-1-(5-bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)difluorophenyl)ethanone oxime 306/308 5d(E,Z)-2-(Allyloxy)-1-(3-bromo-4- Isomer 1: fluorophenyl)ethanone oxime;(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) (E,Z)-2-(Allyloxy)-1-(2-fluoro-5- 288/290;iodophenyl)ethanone oxime⁴ Isomer 2: 336 ⁴Compounds are recovered as amixture.

Preparation 6 Racemic(3aSR,6aSR)-6a-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]isoxazole

A solution of 2-(allyloxy)-1-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)ethanone oxime (120g, 417 mmol) in xylene (2 L) is heated at 140° C. for 6 h. The reactionis cooled and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to give asolid. The solid is purified by trituration with 9:1 hexanes/MTBE togive the title compound (85 g, 72%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 288, 290(M+1).

The following compounds in Table 3 are prepared essentially as describedin the preparation of racemic(3aSR,6aSR)-6a-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]isoxazole.

TABLE 3 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 6a Racemic(3aSR,6aSR)-6a-(3- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) Bromophenyl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]isoxazole270/272 6b Racemic (3aSR,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-5- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]isoxazole 288/290 6c Racemic(3aSR,6aSR)-6a-(5-Bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)difluorophenyl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]isoxazole⁵ 306/308 6d Racemic(3aSR,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-4- Isomer 1:fluorophenyl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]isoxazole; (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) Racemic(3aSR,6aSR)-6a-(2-Fluoro-5- 288/290;iodophenyl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]isoxazole^(5, 6) Isomer 2: 336 ⁵Thisreaction is performed in toluene for 18 hours at 150° C. in a sealedtube. ⁶Compounds are recovered as a mixture.

Preparation 7 Racemic((3RS,4SR)-4-Amino-4-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methanol

Zinc powder (190 g, 2.91 mol) is added to a mixture of racemic(3aSR,6aSR)-6a-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]isoxazole (84g, 290 mmol) in acetic acid (1.4 L) at a rate maintaining thetemperature below 30° C. The reaction is heated at 40° C. for 5 h. Thereaction is cooled to room temperature and is filtered through a pad ofdiatomaceous earth, washed with acetic acid and water (200 mL). Thesolvent is removed under reduced pressure. Water (500 mL) is added tothe residue, and the pH is adjusted to pH 10 with 2 M aqueous sodiumhydroxide. The basic aqueous suspension is extracted three times with15% isopropyl alcohol in dichloromethane (3×500 mL). The combinedorganic layer is dried over magnesium sulfate and the solvent is removedunder reduced pressure to give the title compound as a white solid (73.0g, 86%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 290, 292 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 4 are prepared essentially as describedin the preparation of racemic((3RS,4SR)-4-amino-4-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methanol.

TABLE 4 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 7a Racemic((3RS,4SR)-4-Amino-4-(3- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)bromophenyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methanol 272/274 7b Racemic((3RS,4SR)-4-Amino-4-(3-bromo-5- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methanol 290/292 7c Racemic((3RS,4SR)-4-Amino-4-(5-bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)difluorophenyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methanol 308/310 7d Racemic((3RS,4SR)-4-Amino-4-(3-bromo-4- Isomer 1:fluorophenyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methanol; (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) racemic((3RS,4SR)-4-amino-4-(2-fluoro-5- 290/292;iodophenyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methanol⁷ Isomer 2: 338 ⁷20 equivalentsof zinc dust are used in 0.06M acetic acid. Compounds are recovered as amixture.

Preparation 8 RacemicN-((3SR,4RS)-3-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide

To a solution of racemic((3RS,4SR)-4-amino-4-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methanol(75 g, 259 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1.3 L) at 25° C. under a nitrogenatmosphere is added dropwise bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (76.3mL, 259 mmol) keeping the internal temperature below 30° C. The reactionis stirred at 25° C. for 30 minutes. Benzoyl isothiocyanate (38.4 mL,284 mmol) is added over 10 minutes keeping internal temperature below35° C. and the reaction is stirred at 25° C. for 30 min. The reactionmixture is diluted with ethyl acetate (500 mL) and is washed three timeswith 1 N HCl (3×500 mL), followed by water and brine. The solution isdried over magnesium sulfate and the solvent is removed under reducedpressure. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography using alinear gradient of 25% to 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes to give the titlecompound (110 g, 94%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 453, 455 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 5 are prepared essentially as describedin the preparation of racemicN-((3SR,4RS)-3-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide.

TABLE 5 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 8a RacemicN-((3SR,4RS)-3-(3-Bromophenyl)-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3- 435/437 ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide 8bRacemic N-((3SR,4RS)-3-(3-Bromo-5- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran- 453/4553-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide 8c Racemic N-((3SR,4RS)-3-(5-Bromo-2,4-(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) difluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran- 471/4733-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide 8d Racemic N-((3SR,4RS)-3-(3-Bromo-4- Isomer1: fluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)3-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide; racemic 453/455;N-((3SR,4RS)-3-(2-Fluoro-5-iodophenyl)-4- Isomer 2:(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3- 501 ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide⁸⁸Compounds are recovered as a mixture.

Preparation 9 RacemicN-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

To a 15° C. mixture of racemicN-((3SR,4RS)-3-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide(110 g, 243 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (76.4 g, 291 mmol) intetrahydrofuran (970 mL) is added di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate (67.1g, 291 mmol) in 3 portions over 10 minutes keeping internal temperaturebelow 25° C. After the addition, the reaction mixture is stirred at 25°C. for 1 hour. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure and theresidue is purified by silica gel chromatography using a linear gradientof 14% to 33% ethyl acetate in hexanes to give the title compound (80 g,76%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 435, 437 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 6 are prepared essentially as describedin the preparation of racemicN-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide.

TABLE 6 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 9a RacemicN-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2- 417/419 yl)benzamide9b Racemic N-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromo-5- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- 435/437d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 9c Racemic N-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(5-Bromo-2,4-(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) difluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- 453/455d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide⁹ 9d Racemic N-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromo-4-Isomer 1: fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide; racemic N- 435/437;((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(2-Fluoro-5-iodophenyl)- Isomer 2:4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2- 483 yl)benzamide¹⁰⁹Purified by radial chromatography eluting with 10% to 15% ethyl acetatein hexane. ¹⁰Compounds are recovered as a mixture.

Preparation 10N-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

Racemic N-((4aSR,7aSR)—(7a-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(108 g, 248 mmol) is purified by chiral HPLC: Chiralcel OJ-H 8×25 cmcolumn; eluent: 90:10 (methanol:acetonitrile) with 0.2%dimethylethylamine; flow: 300 mL/min at UV 254 nm. The second elutingisomer is isolated to provide the enantiomerically enriched titlecompound (42.0 g, 40%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 434.9/436.9 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 7 are prepared essentially as describedin the preparation ofN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide.

TABLE 7 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 10aN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-Bromophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin- 417/419 2-yl)benzamide 10bN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-Bromo-5-fluorophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- 435/437 d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide10c N-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin- 453/455 2-yl)benzamide

Preparation 11 Racemic(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine

N Aqueous hydrochloric acid (158 mL) is added toN-(7a-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(16.35 g, 7.89 mmol) and the mixture is heated to 90° C. After 18 hours,the mixture is allowed to cool to ambient temperature and washed withdichloromethane. The organic layer is extracted once with 5 N aqueoushydrochloric acid. The pH of the aqueous layer is adjusted to basic with50% aqueous sodium hydroxide and is extracted twice with 10% isopropylalcohol:dichloromethane. The organic layer is concentrated under reducedpressure. The resulting residue is purified by radial chromatographyeluting with 2% to 5% 7 N ammonia in methanol:dichloromethane to givethe title compound (2.23 g, 47%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 331, 333 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 8 are prepared essentially by themethod of racemic(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine

TABLE 8 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 11a Racemic(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromo-4- Isomer 1:fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine; racemic(4aSR,7aSR)- 331/333;7a-(2-Fluoro-5-iodophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro- Isomer 2:4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine¹¹ 379 ¹¹Compounds are recovered as amixture.

Preparation 12N-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(5-Amino-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

To a 2 L round bottom flask is addedN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(35.0 g, 80.4 mmol), trifluoroacetamide (16.2 g, 143 mmol), copper(I)iodide (2.66 g, 13.7 mmol), sodium iodide (21.3 g, 141 mmol) andpotassium carbonate (21.5 g, 153 mmol). The flask is capped with aseptum, vacuum and back filled with nitrogen. 1,4-dioxane (731 mL)(previously degassed with vacuum-nitrogen) is added via cannula, andN,N′-dimethyl-, trans (+/−) 1,2-cyclohexanediamine (10.1 g, 70.8 mmol)is added. The mixture is placed in a preheated oil bath at 100° C. andstirred at this temperature for 19 h. The septum is replaced by a refluxcondenser and a mixture of methanol (154 mL) and water (154 mL) is addedthrough the condenser. The mixture is stirred at 100° C. for 3.5 h,cooled to 22° C., and concentrated partially under reduced pressure (to0.6 L volume). Aqueous ammonium hydroxide (25%, 154 mL) is added and themixture is stirred for 10 min. The mixture is extracted three times withethyl acetate (3×500 mL) and the solvent is removed under reducedpressure. A residue is obtained that is purified by flash chromatographywith a linear gradient of 50% to 75% ethyl acetate in hexane to give thetitle compound (14.9 g, 47%). ES/MS m/e: 372 (M+1).

Preparation 13N-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-Azidophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

A 0.66 M solution of L-ascorbic acid is prepared by dissolvingL-ascorbic acid sodium salt (0.79 g, 2.0 mmol) in water (6 mL).N-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-bromophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(1.40 g, 3.35 mmol) and 1,2-cyclohexanediamine, N,N′-dimethyl-, trans(+/−) (162 mg, 1.11 mmol) are dissolved in ethanol (13.4 mL). Sodiumazide (0.661 g, 10.1 mmol) is added. The 0.66 M aqueous L-ascorbic acidsodium salt (2.24 mL) and water (2.58 mL) are added. The reaction flaskis fitted with a reflux condenser and the mixture is degassed andevacuated with nitrogen. Copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate (0.184 g,0.738 mmol) is added and the reaction flask is heated to 80° C. andstirred for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture is cooled to room temperatureand ice water is added. The reaction mixture is extracted three timeswith ethyl acetate. The combined organic phase is dried over sodiumsulfate and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to give aresidue that is purified on silica gel with 50% ethyl acetate in hexanesto give the title compound (0.620 g, 49%). Further elution of the flashcolumn with 100% ethyl acetate yields more title compound (0.488 g,41%). ES/MS m/e: 380 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 9 are prepared essentially by themethod ofN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-azidophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide.

TABLE 9 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 13a RacemicN-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(3-Azidophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a- 380tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 13bN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-azido-5-fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a- 398tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

Preparation 14N-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-Aminophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

N-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-azidophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(0.62 g, 1.63 mmol) is diluted with ethanol (10 mL) and Pd on carbon(10%, wet, 0.062 g). The mixture is degassed and stirred at roomtemperature under hydrogen (30 psi) overnight. The mixture is filteredthrough diatomaceous earth using ethanol as a rinse. The solvent isremoved under reduced pressure to give the title compound, (0.106 g,18%). ES/MS m/e: 354 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 10 are prepared essentially by themethod ofN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-aminophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide.

TABLE 10 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 14a RacemicN-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(3-Aminophenyl)- 3544a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin- 2-yl)benzamide 14bN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-Amino-5-fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a- 372tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

Preparation 15N-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Benzamido-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide

A mixture ofN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(5-amino-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(20.4 g, 51.8 mmol), 5-fluoropicolinic acid (8.77 g, 62.2 mmol),1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (10.3 g, 67.4 mmol) and1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (13.2 g,67.4 mmol) in a mixture of dichloromethane (345 mL) and DMF (6.5 mL) isstirred at 22° C. for 80 min. A solution of 2 M sodium hydroxide (129.5mL, 259 mmol) is added and the stirring is continued for 10 min. Themixture is separated and the aqueous phase is extracted with twice withdichloromethane (2×100 mL). The organic layer is concentrated underreduced pressure and the residue is diluted with ethyl acetate (200 mL).The organic layer is washed with cooled water (2×50 mL), brine (50 mL)and filtered through a short pad of silica using 100% ethyl acetate togive title compound (23.8 g, 79%). ES/MS m/e: 495 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 11 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation ofN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-benzamido-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide.

TABLE 11 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 15aN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Benzamido-4a,5,7,7a- 477tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)phenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide 15b N-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Benzamido-4a,5,7,7a- 495tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-5-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide 15c RacemicN-(3-((4aSR,7aSR)-2-Benzamido- 4774a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)phenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide

Preparation 16N-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Amino-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide

A solution ofN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-benzamido-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide(23.7 g 40.8 mmol), o-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (34.4 g, 412mmol) and pyridine (33.3 mL) in ethanol (735 mL) is heated to 50° C. for4 h. The mixture is concentrated. The residue is washed twice withmethyl tert-butyl ether (2×250 mL) and poured into a saturated aqueoussolution of sodium bicarbonate (453 mL). The suspension is shaken for 5min and extracted with dichloromethane (1×1 L and 2×0.5 L). The organiclayer is washed with water (0.5 L) dried over magnesium sulfate and thesolvent is removed under reduced pressure to afford a solid. Additionalsolid is obtained from the aqueous phase by filtration. The solids arecombined and triturated with water (300 mL) in an ultrasound bath for 30min. The suspension is filtered off, washed with water, and dried undervacuum to give title compound (17.3 g, 100%). ES/MS m/e: 391 (M+1).

Preparation 17 1,5-Dibromo-2,4-difluorobenzene

Iron powder (16.49 g, 291 mmol) is added to 1-bromo-2,4-difluorobenzene(110 mL, 968 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (968 mL) in a 3-neck flask atambient temperature under a stream of nitrogen. A solution of bromine(59.7 mL, 1.16 mol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (968 mL) is added dropwiseover 1 hour and the reaction mixture is stirred at ambient temperaturefor 18 h. The reaction mixture is cooled to 0° C. and a saturatedaqueous solution of sodium bisulfate (1.11 L, 533 mmol) is addedportionwise and the mixture is separated. The aqueous phase is extractedwith dichloromethane. The organic layer is washed with a saturatedaqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, water, and brine. The organiclayer is dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent is removed underreduced pressure to give a residue purified with a pad of silica usingdiethyl ether to give the title compound (229 g, 76%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl₃) δ 7.70 (dd, J=4.6, 6.8 Hz, 1H), 6.95-6.92 (m, 1H).

Preparation 18 4-(3-Bromophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol

To a stirred −78° C. solution of 1,3-dibromobenzene (19.71 g, 81.05mmol) in THF (150 mL) is added 1.6 M butyl lithium in hexane (50.66 mL,81.05 mmol) and the reaction is stirred 10 minutes. 4H-Pyran-4-one,tetrahydro- (5.41 g, 54.04 mmol) is added dropwise and the reaction isstirred at −78° C. for 2 h. The reaction is quenched by addition ofsaturated aqueous ammonium chloride (25 mL) and is then diluted withminimal water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer is dried overNa₂SO₄ and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to afford aresidue that is purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with alinear gradient of 5% to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to give the titlecompound (11.18 g, 76%). GC-MS (m/e): (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 256, 258 (M−1).

The following compounds in Table 12 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of(4-(3-bromophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol.

TABLE 12 NMR or Prep. ES/MS No. Chemical name (m/e) 18a4-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) pyran-4-ol 274/ 276(GC-MS) 18b 4-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)pyran-4-ol¹² 274/ 276 (GC-MS) 18c4-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) pyran-4-ol 292/294 (GC-MS) 18d 1-(3-Bromophenyl)cyclohexanol (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 254/ 256(GC-MS) 18e 1-(4-Fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)cyclopentanol 192 (GC- MS) 18f1-(3-Bromophenyl)cyclopentanol¹³ NMR¹⁴ ¹²2:1 toluene:hexanes is used asthe reaction solvent. ¹³Diethyl ether is used as the reaction solvent.¹⁴¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.64 (t, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.40-7.31 (m, 2H),7.19 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 1.99-1.82 (m, 8H).

Preparation 19 4-(3-Bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran

A mixture of 4-(3-bromophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol (11.17 g, 41.3mmol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.797 g, 4.13 mmol) intoluene (100 mL) is heated to reflux for 30 minutes using a Dean-Starktrap to remove water. The reaction is diluted with water and 5 N NaOHand extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer is dried over Na₂SO₄ and thesolvent is removed under reduced pressure to afford a residue that ispurified on silica gel chromatography eluting with a linear gradient of5% to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to give the title compound (8.85 g, 90%). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 2.45-2.50 (m, 2H), 3.92 (t, 2H, J=5.71 Hz), 4.31(q, 2H, J=3.07 Hz, J=5.71 Hz), 6.12-6.14 (m, 1H), 7.19 (t, 1H, J=7.91Hz), 7.28-7.32 (m, 1H), 7.36-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.51 (t, 1H, J=1.76 Hz).

The following compounds in Table 13 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of 4-(3-bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran.

TABLE 13 NMR or GC-MS Prep Chemical name (m/e) 19a4-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 256/258 19b4-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 256/258 19c4-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) pyran 274/27619d 1-Bromo-3-cyclohexenylbenzene (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 236/238 19e4-Cyclopentenyl-1-fluoro-2-methoxybenzene 192 19f1-Bromo-3-cyclopentenylbenzene NMR¹⁵ ¹⁵¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.55(t, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.35-7.31 (m, 1H), 7.18-7.14 (m, 2H), 6.21-6.17 (m,1H), 2.73-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.56-2.50 (m, 2H), 2.01 (quintet, J = 7.5 Hz,2H).

Preparation 20 (4-(3-Bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methanol

A 0° C. solution of 4-(3-bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran (0.50 g, 2.09mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (15 mL) is treated with paraformaldehyde (0.208 g, 2.20mmol) and stirred for 5 minutes at 0° C. A 1 M solution ofdimethylaluminum chloride in hexanes (3.03 mL, 3.03 mmol) is addeddrop-wise to the slurry. The reaction is warmed to room temperature andstirred for 1 hour. The reaction is cooled to 0° C. and moreparaformaldehyde (0.208 g, 2.20 mmol) and 1 M solution ofdimethylaluminum chloride in hexanes (3.03 mL, 3.03 mmol) is added. Thereaction is warmed to room temperature and stirred overnight. Thereaction is quenched by pouring into an ice/1 N HCl mixture and isextracted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are driedover Na₂SO₄ and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to afforda residue that is purified on silica gel chromatography eluting with alinear gradient of 5% to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to give the titlecompound (0.315 g, 53%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.50 (t, J=2.0 Hz,1H), 7.40 (dd, J=2.2, 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.29-7.27 (m, 1H), 7.20 (t, J=7.9 Hz,1H), 6.11 (t, J=2.9 Hz, 1H), 4.32-4.29 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.25 (m, 1H), 3.76(dd, J=3.1, 11.4 Hz, 1H), 3.70-3.64 (m, 2H), 2.70 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H),1.89 (dd, J=4.6, 6.4 Hz, 1H).

The following compounds in Table 14 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of(4-(3-bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methanol.

TABLE 14 NMR or GC-MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 20a(4-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)3-yl)methanol 286/288 20b(4-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran- NMR¹⁶ 3-yl)methanol20c (4-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H- NMR¹⁷pyran-3-yl)methanol 20d (2-(3-Bromophenyl)cyclohex-2-enyl)methanol(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 266/268 20e (2-(4-Fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)cyclopent-2- 222enyl)methanol 20f (2-(3-Bromophenyl)cyclopent-2-enyl)methanol NMR¹⁸ ¹⁶¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.52 (dd, J = 2.2, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7 22 (m,1H), 7.06 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.04 (t, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 4.28-4.22 (m,3H), 3.73 (dd, J = 3.1, 11.4 Hz, 1H), 3.64-3.62 (m, 2H), 2.63 (d, J =1.3 Hz, 1H), 1.88 (s, 1H). ¹⁷¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.41 (t, J = 7.7Hz, 1H), 6.86 (dd, J = 8.4, 10.1 Hz, 1H), 5.96 (t, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H),4.27-4.25 (m, 1H), 4.15-4.06 (m, 2H), 3.83 (dd, J = 3.5, 11.4 Hz, 1H),3.61 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 2H), 2.69-2.64 (m, 1H), 1.75-1.91 (s, 1H). ¹⁸¹H NMR(400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.53 (s, 1H), 7.32 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.15 (t, J =7.9 Hz, 1H), 6.19 (s, 1H), 3.67 (dd, J = 3.7, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 3.54 (dd, J= 6.4, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 3.31 (dd, J = 1.3, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 2.57-2.47 (m, 2H),2.23-2.13 (m, 1H), 2.02-2.02 (m, 1H).

Preparation 21 (4-(3-Bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methylmethanesulfonate

A 0° C. solution of(4-(3-bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methanol (0.305 g, 1.08mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (10 mL) is treated with triethylamine (0.218 g, 2.15mmol) and then methanesulfonyl chloride (0.148 g, 1.29 mmol) and thereaction is stirred at 0° C. for 30 min. The reaction is diluted withwater and extracted with CH₂Cl₂. The organic layer is dried over Na₂SO₄and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to afford the titlecompound (0.432 g, 97%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.51 (t, J=1.8 Hz,1H), 7.44-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.31-7.29 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.21 (m, 1H), 6.18 (t,J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 4.33-4.31 (m, 2H), 4.20 (dd, J=1.5, 11.6 Hz, 2H),4.14-4.08 (m, 1H), 3.72-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.01-2.98 (m, 1H), 2.95 (s, 3H).

The following compounds in Table 15 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of(4-(3-bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methyl methanesulfonate.

TABLE 15 NMR or GC-MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 21a(4-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran- NMR¹⁹ 3-yl)methylmethanesulfonate 21b (4-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-NMR²⁰ 3-yl)methyl methanesulfonate 21c(4-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran- NMR²¹ 3-yl)methylmethanesulfonate 21d (2-(3-Bromophenyl)cyclohex-2-enyl)methyl NMR²²methanesulfonate 21e (2-(4-Fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)cyclopent-2- 300enyl)methyl methanesulfonate 21f(2-(3-Bromophenyl)cyclopent-2-enyl)methyl NMR²⁴ methanesulfonate²³ ¹⁹¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.36 (ddd, J = 8.4, 4.4, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (dd, J= 2.6, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (dd, J = 8.8, 10.1 Hz, 1H), 6.04 (t, J = 2.6Hz, 1H), 4.20-4.31 (m, 3H), 4.08-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.80-3.76 (m, 1H), 3.10(s, 1H), 2.89 (s, 3H). ²⁰¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.56 (dd, J = 2.2,6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (ddd, J = 8.6, 4.6, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (t, J = 8.4 Hz,1H), 6.13 (t, J = 2.9 Hz, 1H), 4.32-4.30 (m, 2H), 4.24 (t, J = 10.1 Hz,1H), 4.19 (dd, J = 1.3, 11.4 Hz, 1H), 4.10-4.06 (m, 1H), 3.68 (ddd, J =11.6, 2.9, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 2.95 (s, 4H). ²¹¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.39(t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 8.1, 10.3 Hz, 1H), 6.02 (t, J = 2.6Hz, 1H), 4.20-4.31 (m, 3H), 4.08-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.81-3.75 (m, 1H), 2.92(s, 4H). ²²¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.42-7.44 (m, 1H), 7.36-3.39 (m,1H), 7.18-7.22 (m, 2H), 6.08-6.11 (m, 1H), 4.00-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.13(brd, 1H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 2.18-2.22 (m, 2H), 1.94-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.78-1.88(m, 1H), 1.63-1.71 (m, 2H). ²³DMAP and triethylamine is utilized in thisreaction. ²⁴¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.53 (s, 1H), 7.37-7.29 (m, 2H),7.19 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 6.22 (s, 1H), 4.26 (dd, J = 4.0, 10.1 Hz, 1H),4.01 (dd, J = 7.9, 9.7 Hz, 1H), 3.54-3.52 (m, 1H), 2.86 (s, 3H),2.59-2.51 (m, 2H), 2.28-2.19 (m, 1H), 2.04 (ddd, J = 17.0, 7.8, 3.8 Hz,1H).

Preparation 22 (4-(3-Bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methylcarbamimidothioate methanesulfonate

A mixture of (4-(3-bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methylmethanesulfonate (4.82 g, 11.7 mmol) and thiourea (1.78 g, 23.3 mmol) inisopropyl alcohol (100 mL) is heated to reflux for 24 h. The reaction iscooled and the solvent is removed under reduced vacuum to give a residuethat is combined with acetonitrile (30 mL) and hexanes (10 mL). A solidcrystallizes and the slurry is cooled to 0° C. The slurry is filteredusing 3:1 ACN:hexanes as a rinse (25 mL) to give the title compound asthe mesylate salt (3.45 g, 70%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 327, 329 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 16 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of(4-(3-bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methyl carbamimidothioatemethanesulfonate.

TABLE 16 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 22a(4-(5-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)3-yl)methyl carbamimidothioate methanesulfonate 345/347 22b(4-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)3-yl)methyl carbamimidothioate methanesulfonate 345/347 22c(4-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)2H-pyran-3-yl)methyl carbamimidothioate 363/365 methanesulfonate 22d(2-(3-Bromophenyl)cyclohex-2-enyl)methyl (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) carbamimidothioatemethanesulfonate 325/327 22e (2-(4-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)cyclopent-2-281 enyl)methyl carbamimidothioate methanesulfonate 22f(2-(3-bromophenyl)cyclopent-2-enyl)methyl (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) carbamimidothioatemethanesulfonate 311/313

Preparation 23 Racemic(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(3-Bromophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine

A mixture of (4-(3-bromophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methylcarbamimidothioate methanesulfonate (3.41 g, 8.05 mmol) inmethanesulfonic acid (35 mL) is heated at 50° C. for 5 h. The reactionis cooled and added to ice water. The mixture is diluted with EtOAc andthe pH adjusted with 5 N NaOH to basic. The basic aqueous layer isextracted three times with ethyl acetate and the organic layer is driedover Na₂SO₄. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure. Theresulting residue is triturated with CH₂Cl₂ to give the title racemiccompound. Additional racemic product is obtained by purification of thefiltrate by silica gel chromatography eluting with a linear gradient of1% to 10% 7 M NH₃/MeOH in CH₂Cl₂ (1.99 g, 76%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)327, 329 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 17 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine

TABLE 17 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 23a Racemic(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(5-Bromo-2- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3- 345, 347d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine²⁵ 23b Racemic (4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(3-Bromo-4-(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) fluorophenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3- 345/347d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine²⁶ 23c Racemic (4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(5-Bromo-2,4-(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) difluorophenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3- 363/365d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine²⁵ 23d Racemic (4aRS,8aSR)-8a-(3-Bromophenyl)-(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin- 325/3272-amine 23e Racemic (4aRS,7aSR)-7a-(4-Fluoro-3- 281methoxyphenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine²⁷ 23f Racemic (4aRS,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin- 311/313 2-aminemethanesulfonate²⁸ ²⁵The reaction is heated at 90° C. overnight. ²⁶Thereaction is heated at 50° C. for 5 h. ²⁷The reaction is stirred at roomtemperature for 3 h. ²⁸The reaction is stirred at room temperature for17 h. Product isolated as the salt.

Preparation 24 Racemic tert-Butyl(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

A mixture of racemic(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine(2.08 g, 6.36 mmol) and di-t-butyldicarbonate (2.77 g, 12.7 mmol) in1,4-dioxane (60 mL) and saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (60 mL) is stirred atroom temperature for 8 h. The mixture is diluted water and extractedthree times with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are dried overNa₂SO₄ and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to affordmaterial that is purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with alinear gradient of 5% to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to give the titlecompound (2.81 g, 100%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 427, 429 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 18 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of racemic tert-butyl(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate.

TABLE 18 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 24a Racemic tert-Butyl(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(5-bromo-2- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3- 445/447d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 24b Racemic tert-Butyl(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(3-bromo-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3- 445/447d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 24c Racemic tert-Butyl(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(5-bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)difluorophenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3- 463/465d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 24d Racemic tert-Butyl (4aRS,8aSR)-8a-(3-(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) bromophenyl)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-4H- 425/427benzo[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 24e Racemic tert-Butyl(4aRS,7aSR)-7a-(4-fluoro-3- 381methoxyphenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 24f Racemic tert-Butyl (4aRS,7aSR)-7a-(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) (3-bromophenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta 411/413[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 24g Racemic tert-Butyl(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(5-bromo-2- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- 431/433d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

Preparation 25 tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

Racemic tert-butyl(4aSR,8aSR)-8a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(2.80 g, 6.55 mmol) is purified by chiral HPLC: Column: Chiralcel OJ8×35 cm; eluent: 75:25 (methanol:acetonitrile); flow: 400 mL/min at UV260 nm. The second eluting isomer is isolated to provide theenantiomerically enriched title compound (1.31 g, 47%). ES/MS m/e(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 427, 429 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 19 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of tert-butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate.

TABLE 19 ES/MS Prep. (m/e) No. Chemical name (M + 1) 25a tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin- 445/447 2-ylcarbamate25b tert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin- 445/447 2-ylcarbamate25c tert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin- 463/465 2-ylcarbamate25d tert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(3-bromophenyl)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)hexahydro-4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin- 425/427 2-ylcarbamate 25e tert-Butyl(7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)- 3814,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin- 2-ylcarbamate 25ftert-Butyl (7aS)-7a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 411/413

Preparation 26 tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-azidophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

A 0.33 M solution of copper sulfate is prepared by dissolving copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (1.0 g, 2.0 mmol) in water (12 mL). A 0.66 Msolution of L-ascorbic acid is prepared by dissolving L-ascorbic acidsodium salt (1.58 g, 4.0 mmol) in water (12 mL). To a solution oftert-butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(0.500 g, 1.20 mmol) in ethanol (3.6 mL) is added sodium azide (0.228 g,3.50 mmol), 1,2-cyclohexanediamine, N,N′-dimethyl-, trans (+/−) (0.0549g, 0.386 mmol), 0.66 M aqueous L-ascorbic acid sodium salt (0.772 mL,0.509 mmol), and water (0.71 mL) and the mixture is purged withnitrogen. A 0.33 M aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate(0.773 mL, 0.255 mmol) is added and the reaction is heated to 80° C. for12 min. The reaction is poured into cold water to afford a blue mixturethat is extracted three times with EtOAc. The organic layer is driedover Na₂SO₄ to afford crude material which is purified by silica gelchromatography eluting with a linear gradient of 5% to 100% EtOAc inhexanes to give the title compound (0.400 g, 88%). ES/MS m/e: 390 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 20 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of tert-butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-azidophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate.

TABLE 20 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 26a tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(5-azido-2-fluorophenyl)- 4084,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin- 2-ylcarbamate 26btert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(3-azido-4-fluorophenyl)- 4084,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin- 2-ylcarbamate 26ctert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(3-azidophenyl)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a- 388hexahydro-4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 26d tert-Butyl(7aS)-7a-(3-azidophenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- 374hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 26e Racemic tert-Butyl(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(5-azido-2- 394 fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

Preparation 27 tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-aminophenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

A mixture of tert-butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-azidophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(0.398 g, 1.02 mmol) and palladium on carbon −10% by weight (0.200 g) inethanol (25 mL) is purged with nitrogen then hydrogen. The reaction isstirred at room temperature under hydrogen (30 psi) for 2 h. Na₂SO₄ isadded to the reaction mixture and it is filtered through diatomaceousearth, using methanol to rinse the filter cake. The solvent is removedunder reduced pressure to give the title compound (0.361 g, 97%). ES/MSm/e: 364 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 21 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of tert-butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-aminophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate.

TABLE 21 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 27a tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(5-amino-2-fluorophenyl)- 3824,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin- 2-ylcarbamate 27btert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(3-amino-4-fluorophenyl)- 3824,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin- 2-ylcarbamate 27ctert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(3-aminophenyl)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a- 362hexahydro-4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin- 2-ylcarbamate 27d tert-Butyl(7aS)-7a-(3-aminophenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- 348hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 27e Racemic tert-Butyl(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(5-amino-2- 368fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

Preparation 28 tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-(5-chloropicolinamido)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

To a mixture of tert-butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-aminophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(0.15 g, 0.413 mmol), 5-chloropyridine-2-carboxylic acid (0.078 g, 0.495mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.073 g, 0.536 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (2.75mL) and DMF (0.3 mL) is added1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.103 g,0.536 mmol). The reaction is stirred overnight at room temperature. Thereaction mixture is diluted with water, 5 N NaOH (0.5 mL) and extractedthree times with CH₂Cl₂. The combined organic layer is dried over Na₂SO₄and the crude product is purified by silica gel chromatography elutingwith a linear gradient of 5% to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to give the titlecompound (0.176 g, 85%). ES/MS m/e: (³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl) 503, 505 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 22 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of tert-butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-(5-chloropicolinamido)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate.

TABLE 22 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 28a tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(5-(5-chloropicolinamido)-2-fluorophenyl)- (³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl)4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 521/52328b tert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(2-fluoro-5-(5-fluoropicolinamido)phenyl)- 5054,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28ctert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(2-fluoro-5-(thiazole-2- 493carboxamido)phenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28d tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(2-fluoro-5-(picolinamido)phenyl)- 4874,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28etert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(5-(5-chloropyrimidine-2-carboxamido)-2- (³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl)fluorophenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin- 522, 5242-ylcarbamate 28f tert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(2-fluoro-5-(5-fluoropyrimidine-2-506 carboxamido)phenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28g tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-(5-chloropicolinamido)-4-fluorophenyl)- (³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl)4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 521, 52328h tert-Butyl (8aS)-8a-(3-(5-chloropicolinamido)phenyl)- (³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl)4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 501, 50328i tert-Butyl (7aS)-7a-(3-(isonicotinamido)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- 453hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28j tert-Butyl(7aS)-7a-(3-(picolinamido)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- 453hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28k tert-Butyl(7aS)-7a-(3-(pyrazine-2-carboxamido)phenyl)- 4544,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28mtert-Butyl (7aS)-7a-(3-(pyrimidine-2-carboxamido)phenyl)- 4544,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28ntert-Butyl (7aS)-7a-(3-benzamidophenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- 452hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28p tert-Butyl(7aS)-7a-(3-(pyrimidine-4-carboxamido)phenyl)- 4544,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28qRacemic tert-Butyl (7aSR)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(5- 491fluoropicolinamido)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28r Racemic tert-Butyl(7aSR)-7a-(5-(5-chloropicolinamido)-2- 507fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 28s Racemic tert-Butyl(7aSR)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(5-fluoropyrimidine- 4922-carboxamido)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

Preparation 29 tert-Butyl(4aS,7aS)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(5-fluoropicolinamido)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

Racemic tert-butyl(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(5-fluoropicolinamido)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(0.226 g, 0.460 mmol) is purified by chiral HPLC: 2.1×25 cm ChiralcelOD-H, 5 micron column, 30% methanol/CO₂, flow rate: 70 mL/min, UV: 230nm. The second eluting isomer is isolated to provide theenantiomerically enriched title compound (0.092 g, 41%). ES/MS (m/e):491 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 23 are prepared essentially by themethod of tert-butyl(4aS,7aS)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(5-fluoropicolinamido)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate.

TABLE 23 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 29a tert-Butyl(4aS,7aS)-7a-(5-(5-chloropicolinamido)- 5072-fluorophenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate 29b tert-Butyl (4aS,7aS)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(5-492 fluoropyrimidine-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin- 2-ylcarbamate

Preparation 30 tert-Butyl(8aS)-8a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

A mixture of tert-butyl8a-(5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(0.300 g, 0.647 mmol) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (10 mL), ethanol (4 mL) andwater (5 mL) is purged with nitrogen and heated to 97° C.Pyrimidine-5-boronic acid (0.655 g, 5.18 mmol), cesium carbonate (1.90g, 5.83 mmol) and bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) chloride (0.091g, 0.129 mmol) is added in a single portion and the reaction is heatedat 97° C. for 20 minutes. The reaction is cooled, diluted with water,and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer is dried over Na₂SO₄ and thecrude product is purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with alinear gradient of 5% to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to give the titlecompound (0.258 g, 86%). ES/MS (m/e): 463 (M+1).

The following compound in Table 24 are prepared essentially as describedin the preparation of tert-butyl(8aS)-8a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate.

TABLE 24 Prep. ES/MS No. Chemical name (m/e) 30a Racemic tert-Butyl(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(4-fluoro-3- 453(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H- (M + 23)furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate; racemic tert-Butyl(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate²⁹ ²⁹Compounds are recovered as a mixture.

Preparation 31 Racemic(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(4-Fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amineand Racemic(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(2-Fluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine

A solution of 4 M Hydrogen chloride in dioxane (19.2 mL) is added to amixture of racemic tert-butyl(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamateand racemic tert-butyl(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(1.80 g, 0.962 mmol) and the reaction is stirred at room temperature for3 h. The mixture is diluted with aqueous 1 N HCl and is extracted withdichloromethane. Aqueous 5 N sodium hydroxide is added to the aqueouslayer to make it basic and it is extracted twice with 10% isopropylalcohol in dichloromethane. The solvent is removed under reducedpressure to give a residue that is purified on silica gel using radialchromatography eluting with 3% to 10% 2M ammonia inmethanol:dichloromethane. The material is purified again using radialchromatography eluting with 10% isopropylamine:30% ethyl acetate:60%hexane to give the title compounds as a racemic two component mixture(0.231 g, 73%). ES/MS m/e: 331 (M+1).

Preparation 32(4aS,7aS)-7a-(4-Fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amineand(4aS,7aS)-7a-(2-Fluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine

The mixture of racemic(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amineand racemic(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine(0.231 g, 0.697 mmol) are separated using a Chiralpak AD-H 3×25 cmcolumn eluting with 3/2 EtOH:acetonitrile with 0.2% dimethylethylamineat a flow rate of 30 mL/min., 225 nM to give(4aS,7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine(T_(R)=3.12) (0.032 g, 14%): ES/MS m/e: 331 (M+1) and(4aS,7aS)-7a-(2-fluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine(T_(R)=4.479) (0.058 g, 25%). ES/MS m/e: 331 (M+1).

Preparation 33(7aS)-7a-(4-Fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine

To a solution tert-butyl7a-(4-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(1.04 g, 2.73 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (20 mL) is added TFA (5 mL) and thereaction is stirred at room temperature for 16 hr. The solvent isremoved under reduced pressure to give a residue that is diluted withwater and 5N NaOH. The aqueous layer is extracted four times with EtOAc.The organic layer is dried over Na₂SO₄ and the solvent is removed underreduced pressure. The crude product is purified with a 10 g SCX columnusing 4:1 CH₂Cl₂:MeOH and then 2:1 CH₂Cl₂:7 N NH₃ in MeOH to elute theproduct and give the title compound (0.756 g, 99%). ES/MS m/e: 281(M+1).

Preparation 345-((7aS)-2-Amino-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-2-fluorophenol

To a −78° C. solution of(7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine(0.717 g, 2.56 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (15 mL) is added boron tribromide 11.20g, 7.67 mmol). The reaction is warmed to 0° C. and is stirred for 2 hr.The reaction is diluted with water and the pH is adjusted to 7. Theaqueous is extracted three times with EtOAc (some MeOH is added to helpdissolve some solids during the extraction). The organic layer is driedover Na₂SO₄ and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure. The crudeproduct is purified with a 10 g SCX column using 4:1 CH₂Cl₂:MeOH andthen 2:1 CH₂Cl₂:7 N NH₃ in MeOH to elute the product and give the titlecompound (0.56 g, 82%). ES/MS m/e: 267 (M+1).

Preparation 35 tert-Butyl(7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate

To a mixture of5-((4aR,7aS)-2-amino-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-2-fluorophenol(0.524 g, 1.97 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) and saturated aqueous NaHCO₃(20 mL) is added a solution of di-tert-butyldicarbonate (0.451 g, 2.07mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL). The mixture is stirred at room temperaturefor 16 h. The mixture is diluted water and extracted three times withEtOAc. The organic layer is dried over Na₂SO₄ and the crude product ispurified by silica gel chromatography eluting with a linear gradient of5% to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to give the title compound (0.436 g, 61%).ES/MS m/e: 367 (M+1).

Preparation 365-((7aS)-2-(tert-Butoxycarbonylamino)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-2-fluorophenyltrifluoromethanesulfonate

To a 0° C. mixture of tert-butyl(4aR,7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(0.428 g, 1.17 mmol) and pyridine (0.148 g, 1.87 mmol) indichloromethane (25 mL) is added trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride(0.395 g, 1.40 mmol). The reaction is stirred at 0° C. for 45 min. Thereaction is diluted with water and 1 N HCl (4 mL) and is extracted threetimes with CH₂Cl₂. The organic layer is dried over Na₂SO₄ and thesolvent is removed under reduced pressure to give the title compound(0.633 g, 100%). ES/MS m/e: 499 (M+1).

Preparation 37 5-Bromo-2,4-difluorobenzaldehyde

A 1.6 M solution of butyl lithium in hexane (114 mL, 182 mmol) is addedto a −78° C. solution of 1,5-dibromo-2,4-difluorobenzene (41.3 g, 152mmol) in diethyl ether (290 mL). Dimethylformamide (14.4 g, 198 mmol) isadded and the reaction is stirred at −78° C. for 15 minutes. Thereaction is quenched with 1 N HCl (300 mL), is diluted with water, andextracted three times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is driedover sodium sulfate and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure togive crude material that is purified by silica gel chromatography with alinear gradient of 0% to 50% CH₂Cl₂ in hexanes over 30 minutes to givethe title compound (20.51 g, 61%). GC-MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 220, 222.

Preparation 38 1-(3-Bromophenyl)but-3-en-1-ol

To a solution of 3-bromobenzaldehyde (15.8 g, 85.6 mmol) in dry diethylether (200 mL) at 0° C. under nitrogen atmosphere with stirring is addedallylmagnesium bromide solution in ether (85.6 mL, 85.6 mmol) dropwise.The resulting mixture is warmed to room temperature over 1 hr and isquenched by the addition of 1 N HCl aqueous solution. The reaction isextracted with dichloromethane, washed with brine, dried over sodiumsulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crudeproduct is purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 0% to 100%dichloromethane in hexanes over 50 minutes to give the title compound asa racemic mixture (17.01 g, 88%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 227, 229 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 25 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of 1-(3-bromophenyl)but-3-en-1-ol.

TABLE 25 Prep Chemical name MS (m/e) 38a1-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)but-3-en-1-ol ES/MS (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 243/245 (M− 1) 38b 1-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)but-3-en-1-ol GC-MS (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)262/264 (M+)

Preparation 39(1-(3-Bromophenyl)but-3-enyloxy)(tert-butyl)dimethylsilane

A solution of 1-(3-bromophenyl)but-3-en-1-ol (17.0 g, 74.9 mmol),1H-imidazole (11.8 g, 172.2 mmol) and tert-butyldimethylchlorosilane(13.9 g, 89.8 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) is stirred at room temperature for 2hours. The mixture is diluted with dichloromethane and is washedsequentially with water and saturated ammonium chloride aqueoussolution. The organic layer is dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, andconcentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue. The crude productis purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 5% ethyl acetatein hexanes to give the title compound as racemic mixture (23.9 g, 94%).¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.34 (d, 1H, J=7.5 Hz),7.24-7.14 (m, 2H), 5.78-5.70 (m, 1H), 5.02-4.97 (m, 2H), 4.65-4.62 (m,1H), 2.45-2.31 (m, 2H), 0.87 (s, 9H), 0.02 (s, 3H), 0.12 (s, 3H).

The following compounds in Table 26 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of(1-(3-bromophenyl)but-3-enyloxy)(tert-butyl)dimethylsilane.

TABLE 26 Prep Chemical name NMR 39a1-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)but-3-en-1-ol NMR³⁰ 39b(1-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)but-3-enyloxy)(tert- NMR³¹butyl)dimethylsilane ³⁰¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.48-7.46 (m, 1H),7.24-7.16 (m, 1H), 7.03 (t, 1H, J = 8.5 Hz), 5.76-5.67 (m, 1H),5.02-4.96 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.61 (m, 1H), 2.43-2.31 (m, 2H), 0.87 (s, 9H),0.02 (s, 3H), −0.13 (s, 3H). ³¹¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.63 (t, J =7.7 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (dd, J = 8.4, 9.6 Hz, 1H), 5.76-5.68 (m, 1H),5.01-4.95 (m, 3H), 2.36 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 0.86 (s, 9H), 0.03 (s, 3H),−0.11 (s, 3H).

Preparation 40 3-(3-Bromophenyl)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)propanal

A solution of (1-(3-bromophenyl)but-3-enyloxy)(tert-butyl)dimethylsilane(23.9 g, 70.1 mmol) dichloromethane (120 mL) is cooled to −78° C. undernitrogen atmosphere. Ozone is then bubbled through the solution until itbecomes blue. The mixture is flushed with nitrogen. Triethylamine (14.2g, 140.2 mmol) is added to the solution. The mixture is warmed to roomtemperature and stirred for 4 hours. The mixture is concentrated underreduced pressure. The crude product is purified by silica gelchromatography eluting with a linear gradient of 0% to 8% ethyl acetatein hexanes over 25 minutes to give the title compound as a racemicmixture (17.9 g, 74%): ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.75-9.74 (m, 1H), 7.48(d, 1H, J=1.8 Hz), 7.38-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.23 (m, 1H), 7.18 (t, 1H,J=7.7 Hz), 5.15 (dd, 1H, J=4.0, 7.9 Hz), 2.81 (ddd, 1H, J=15.9, 8.0, 2.5Hz), 2.63-2.57 (m, 1H), 0.84-0.83 (m, 9H), 0.02-0.02 (m, 3H), −0.14 (s,3H).

The following compounds in Table 27 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of3-(3-bromophenyl)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)propanal.

TABLE 27 Prep Chemical name NMR 40a 3-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-3-(tert-NMR³² butyldimethylsilyloxy)propanal 40b3-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(tert- NMR³³butyldimethylsilyloxy)propanal ³² ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.74 (t, 1H,J = 2.0 Hz), 7.52 (dd, 1H, J = 2.1, 6.6 Hz), 7.25-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.06 (t,1H, J = 8.4 Hz), 5.15 (dd, 1H, J = 4.3, 7.9 Hz), 2.81 (ddd, 1H, J =16.1, 7.9, 2.4 Hz), 2.60 (ddd, 1H, J = 16.1, 4.3, 1.8 Hz), 0.84 (s, 9H),0.03 (s, 3H), −0.14 (s, 3H). ³³ ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.74 (dd, J =1.9, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.68-7.64 (m, 1H), 6.83 (dd, J = 8.2, 9.7 Hz, 1H),5.43 (ddd, J = 7.9, 3.9, 0.5 Hz, 1H), 2.78 (ddd, J = 16.1, 7.9, 2.7 Hz,1H), 2.62 (ddd, J = 16.1, 3.9, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 0.85 (s, 9H), 0.05 (s, 3H),−0.11 (s, 3H).

Preparation 411-(3-Bromophenyl)-1-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-3-ol

To a 0° C. solution of3-(3-bromophenyl)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)propanal (17.9 g, 52.1mmol) in dry diethyl ether (150 mL) is added 1 M allylmagnesium bromidesolution in ether (52.1 mL, 52.1 mmol). The resulting mixture is warmedto room temperature over 1 hour. The mixture is diluted withdichloromethane and is quenched by addition of saturated aqueoussolution of ammonium chloride. The mixture is extracted three times withdichloromethane. The combined organic layers are washed with brine,dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reducedpressure to give the title compound as a racemic diastereomeric mixture(18.8 g, 84%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.45 (s, 1H), 7.38-7.34 (m,1H), 7.24-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.19-7.15 (m, 1H), 5.84-5.76 (m, 1H), 5.09-5.04(m, 1H), 5.00 (t, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.80 (m, 1H), 3.83-3.75 (m, 2H),2.23-2.15 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.69 (m, 2H), 0.89 (d, 9H, J=6.6 Hz), 0.06-0.04(m, 3H), −0.17 (d, J=40.4 Hz, 3H).

The following compounds in Table 28 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of1-(3-bromophenyl)-1-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-3-ol.

TABLE 28 Prep Chemical name NMR 41a 1-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(tert-NMR³⁴ butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-3-ol 41b1-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)-1- NMR³⁵(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-3-ol ³⁴ ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ7.49 (dt, J = 6.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.23-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.05 (t, J = 8.4 Hz,1H), 5.82-5.76 (m, 1H), 5.09-5.04 (m, 1H), 4.98 (t, J = 5.3 Hz, 1H),4.88-4.82 (m, 1H), 3.83-3.74 (m, 2H), 3.05-2.22-2.15 (m, 2H), 1.85-1.71(m, 2H), 0.88-0.87 (m, 9H), 0.05-0.04 (m, 3H), −0.17 (d, J = 34.4 Hz,3H). ³⁵ ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.68-7.60 (m, 1H), 6.83-6.78 (m, 1H),5.82-5.76 (m, 1H), 5.28-5.24 (m, 0.5H), 5.13-5.09 (m, 0.5H), 5.09-5.05(m, 2H), 3.82-3.79 (m, 1H), 2.96 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 0.5H), 2.59 (d, J = 3.2Hz, 0.5H), 2.22-2.19 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.73 (m, 2H), 0.88 (s, 4.5H), 0.87(s, 4.5H), 0.06 (s, 1.5H), 0.06 (s, 1.5H), −0.11 (s, 1.5H), −0.19 (s,1.5H).

Preparation 42 1-(3-Bromophenyl)hex-5-ene-1,3-diol

To a solution of1-(3-bromophenyl)-1-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-3-ol (18.8 g,44.0 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (60 mL) is added 1 M tetrabutylammoniumfluoride solution in THF (66.0 mL, 66.0 mmol). The resulting mixture isstirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The mixture is diluted withdichloromethane and is washed sequentially with water and saturatedammonium chloride aqueous solution. The organic layer is dried oversodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure togive a residue. The crude product is purified by silica gelchromatography eluting with a linear gradient of 20% to 40% ethylacetate in hexanes over 26 minutes to give the title compound as racemicdiastereomeric mixture (11.8 g, 99%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.52 (s,1H), 7.38-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.28-7.24 (m, 1H), 7.22-7.17 (m, 1H), 5.83-5.75(m, 1H), 5.15-5.11 (m, 2H), 5.03-4.89 (m, 1H), 4.00-3.90 (m, 1H),2.32-2.21 (m, 2H), 1.96-1.89 (m, 2H).

The following compounds in Table 29 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of 1-(3-bromophenyl)hex-5-ene-1,3-diol.

TABLE 29 Prep Chemical name NMR 42a1-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)hex-5-ene-1,3-diol NMR³⁶ 42b1-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)hex-5-ene-1,3-diol NMR³⁷ ³⁶ ¹H NMR (400MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.56 (dt, J = 6.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7.22 (m, 1H),7.09-7.04 (m, 1H), 5.82-5.76 (m, 1H), 5.16-5.11 (m, 2H), 5.05-4.89 (m,1H), 3.99-3.93 (m, 1H), 2.32-2.27 (m, 2H), 1.89-1.78 (m, 2H). ³⁷ ¹H NMR(400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.77-7.73 (m, 1H), 6.84-6.78 (m, 1H), 5.82-5.76 (m,1H), 5.27-5.15 (m, 3H), 4.07-4.02 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.81 (m, 0.5H), 3.62 (d,J = 5.4 Hz, 0.5H), 2.46 (dd, J = 1.2, 2.9 Hz, 0.5H), 2.33-2.31 (m,2.5H), 1.94-1.88 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.81 (m, -1H), 1.69 (dt, J = 14.5, 10.2Hz, 1H).

Preparation 43 1-(3-Bromophenyl)-3-hydroxyhex-5-en-1-one

A mixture of 1-(3-bromophenyl)hex-5-ene-1,3-diol (2.60 g, 9.59 mmol) andmanganese(IV) oxide (9.81 g, 95.9 mmol) in dichloromethane (80 mL) isheated and stirred for 4 h under reflux. The reaction mixture isfiltered through a pad of diatomaceous earth and the residue is washedtwice with dichloromethane. The filtrate is concentrated under reducedpressure to afford the title compound (2.12 g, 82%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl₃) δ 8.05 (d, 1H, J=1.8 Hz), 7.85 (d, 1H, J=7.5 Hz), 7.69-7.52 (m,1H), 7.35-7.31 (m, 1H), 5.91-5.82 (m, 1H), 5.18-5.12 (m, 2H), 4.32-4.26(m, 1H), 3.09-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.39-2.30 (m, 2H).

The following compounds in Table 30 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of1-(3-bromophenyl)-3-hydroxyhex-5-en-1-one.

TABLE 30  Prep Chemical name NMR 43a1-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxyhex-5-en-1-one NMR³⁸ 43b1-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-hydroxyhex-5-en- NMR³⁹ 1-one ³⁸ ¹H NMR(400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.16 (dd, J = 2.2, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (ddd, J = 8.6,4.7, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (t, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 5.91-5.83 (m, 1H), 5.19-5.15(m, 2H), 4.31-4.30 (m, 1H), 3.12-2.98 (m, 2H), 2.39-2.36 (m, 2H). ³⁹ ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.11 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (dd, J = 8.0, 10.4Hz, 1H), 5.88-5.79 (m, 1H), 5.15-5.12 (m, 2H), 4.29-4.26 (m, 1H),3.14-3.03 (m, 2H), 2.79 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 1H), 2.35-2.30 (m, 2H).

Preparation 441-(3-Bromophenyl)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-1-one

A mixture of 1-(3-bromophenyl)-3-hydroxyhex-5-en-1-one (9.08 g, 33.7mmol), 1H-imidazole (5.34 g, 77.6 mmol) andtert-butyldimethylchlorosilane (6.29 g, 40.5 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) isstirred at room temperature for 2 h. The mixture is diluted withdichloromethane and is washed sequentially with water and saturatedammonium chloride aqueous solution. The organic layer is dried oversodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Thecrude product is purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with alinear gradient of 0% to 5% ethyl acetate in hexanes over 20 minutes togive the title compound as a racemic mixture (11.3 g, 88%). ES/MS m/e(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 383, 385 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 31 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of1-(3-bromophenyl)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-1-one.

TABLE 31 Prep Chemical name NMR 44a 1-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-3-(tert-NMR⁴⁰ butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-1-one 44b1-(5-Bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(tert- NMR⁴¹butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-1-one ⁴⁰ ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.16(dd, J = 2.1, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (ddd, J = 8.6, 4.7, 2.1 Hz, 1H),7.19-7.15 (m, 1H), 5.90-5.82 (m, 1H), 5.12-5.07 (m, 2H), 3.15 (dd, J =7.7, 15.3 Hz, 1H), 2.82 (dd, J = 4.6, 15.3 Hz, 1H), 2.38-2.33 (m, 2H),0.88-0.78 (m, 9H), 0.04-0.01 (m, 6H). ⁴¹ ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ8.05-8.01 (m, 1H), 6.92 (ddd, J = 10.3, 8.0, 0.3 Hz, 1H), 5.85-5.78 (m,1H), 5.06 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 5.03-5.01 (m, 1H), 4.40-4.35 (m, 1H),3.12-2.99 (m, 2H), 2.30-2.27 (m, 2H), 0.78 (s, 9H), 0.03 (s, 3H), −0.07(s, 3H).

Preparation 451-Benzyl-6a-(3-bromophenyl)-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole

To a solution of1-(3-bromophenyl)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hex-5-en-1-one (6.84 g,17.8 mmol) and N-benzylhydroxylamine (2.86 g, 23.2 mmol) in THF (60 mL)is added Ti(OEt)₄ (8.14 g, 35.7 mmol). The reaction mixture is heated to70° C. in a sealed tube. After 2 h, the temperature is increased to 80°C. and stirring is continued for 3 days. The reaction mixture is cooledto room temperature. Water and ethyl acetate are added and the mixtureis stirred vigorously for 15 minutes. The solids are allowed to settleand the organic and aqueous layers are decanted through a pad ofdiatomaceous earth. The layers are separated and the aqueous layer isextracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layersare washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product is purified bysilica gel chromatography eluting with 0% to 20% ethyl acetate inhexanes gradient over 20 minutes to give the title compound as adiastereomeric mixture (7.42 g, 85%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 488, 490(M+1).

The following compounds in Table 32 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of1-benzyl-6a-(3-bromophenyl)-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole.

TABLE 32 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 45a6a-(3-Bromophenyl)-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H- 548/550 cyclopenta[c]isoxazole⁴²45b 6a-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(tert-butyldimethyl- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)silyloxy)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro- 566, 5681H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole⁴² 45c Racemic (3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(5-Bromo-2,4-(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) difluorophenyl)-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)- 584, 5861-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H- cyclopenta[c]isoxazole⁴² 45d6a-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(tert-butyl- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)dimethylsilyloxy)-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)hexahydro- 536, 5381H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole⁴³ ⁴²N-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hydroxylamineutilized instead of N-benzylhydroxylamine⁴³N-(4-methoxybenzyl)hydroxylamine utilized instead ofN-benzylhydroxylamine

Preparation 461-Benzyl-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole

To a stirred solution of1-benzyl-6a-(3-bromophenyl)-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole(7.42 g, 15.2 mmol) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (30 mL) is added 2 M aqueoussolution of sodium carbonate (22.8 mL, 45.6 mmol),3-methoxyphenylboronic acid (2.77 g, 18.2 mmol) and(1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) chloride (0.759 g,0.911 mmol). The reaction mixture is heated at 110° C. for 7 hours. Thereaction is cooled, diluted with ethyl acetate, and filtered. Theresulting filtrate is separated and the aqueous layer is extracted threetimes with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers are washed withbrine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated underreduced pressure. The crude product is purified by silica gelchromatography eluting with 10% to 20% ethyl acetate in hexanes gradientover 20 minutes to give the title compound (7.59 g, 92%). ES/MS m/e: 516(M+1).

Preparation 47(2-Amino-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-2-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)cyclopentyl)methanol

A mixture of1-benzyl-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole(2.04 g, 3.76 mmol) and palladium on carbon (0.400 g) in acetic acid (10mL) is stirred at room temperature under hydrogen atmosphere (50 psi)for 19 hours. The reaction is filtered through a pad of diatomaceousearth and the filter cake is washed with methanol three times and thefiltrate is concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue isdissolved in dichloromethane, the pH adjusted to pH 12 by addition ofsaturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, and is extracted three times withdichloromethane. The combined organic layers are dried over sodiumsulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give thetitle compound. ES/MS m/e: 428 (M+1).

Preparation 48N-(4-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)cyclopentylcarbamothioyl)benzamide

A solution of(2-amino-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-2-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)cyclopentyl)methanol(9.44 g, 22.1 mmol) and benzoyl isothiocyanate (3.49 g, 21.0 mmol) inTHF (88 mL) is stirred for 1.5 hours at room temperature andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product is purified bysilica gel chromatography eluting with a linear gradient of 0% to 5%methanol in dichloromethane over 27 minutes to give the title compound(9.61 g, 70%). ES/MS m/e: 589 (M−1).

Preparation 49 RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-6-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

A solution ofN-(4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)cyclopentylcarbamothioyl)benzamide(6.37 g, 8.41 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (4.41 g, 16.8 mmol) in THF(30 mL) is added to a separate solution of di-tert-butylazodicarboxylate (3.87 g, 16.8 mmol) in THF (15 mL) at room temperature.The reaction is stirred for 30 minutes and is concentrated under reducedpressure. The crude product is purified by silica gel chromatographyeluting with a linear gradient of 10% to 40% ethyl acetate in hexanesover 26 minutes to give a crude diastereomeric mixture (7.39 g, 100%).The mixture is purified again on silica gel chromatography to separatethe diastereomers eluting with 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes to give thetitle compound as a racemic mixture (1.47 g, 24%). ES/MS m/e: 573 (M+1).

The following compound in Table 33 is prepared essentially as describedin the preparation of racemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-6-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide.

TABLE 33 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 49aN-(6-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)-7a-(3′- 573methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-cyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

Preparation 50 RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-6-Hydroxy-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

To a solution of racemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-6-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(1.47 g, 2.31 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL) is added 20-25% aqueousfluorosilicic acid (2.82 g, 4.62 mmol) and the resulting mixture isstirred at room temperature for 3 h. The reaction is diluted with ethylacetate and quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate. Themixture is washed with water and brine. The organic layer is dried oversodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Thecrude product is purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with alinear gradient of 10% to 60% ethyl acetate in hexanes over 40 minutesto give the title compound as a racemic mixture (0.709 g, 64%). ES/MSm/e: 459 (M+1).

Preparation 51N-((4aR,6R,7aS)-6-Hydroxy-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-6-hydroxy-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(0.689 g, 1.50 mmol) is purified by chiral HPLC: 2.1×25 cm ChiralpakAD-H, 5 micron, 35% IPA/CO₂, flow rate: 70 mL/min, UV: 225 nm. The firsteluting isomer is isolated to provide the enantiomerically enrichedtitle compound (0.242 g, 35%). ES/MS m/e: 459 (M+1).

Preparation 52N-((4aR,6R,7aS)-6-Methoxy-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

To a 0° C. mixture ofN-((4aR,6R,7aS)-6-hydroxy-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(0.086 g, 0.169 mmol) and 48% aqueous fluoroboric acid (0.031 g, 0.169mmol) in dichloromethane (0.6 mL) is added 2 Mtrimethylsilyldiazomethane in hexane (0.101 mL, 0.202 mmol). The mixtureis stirred at 0° C. for 30 minutes and is poured into saturated aqueoussolution of sodium bicarbonate. The mixture is diluted with water and isextracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer is washed sequentiallywith water and brine and is dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent isremoved under reduced pressure and the crude product is purified bysilica gel chromatography eluting with a linear gradient of 10% to 60%ethyl acetate in hexanes over 20 minutes to give the title compound(0.038 g, 48%). ES/MS m/e: 473 (M+1).

Preparation 53N-((4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(3′-Methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-6-(methoxymethoxy)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

To a stirred 0° C. solution ofN-((4aR,6R,7aS)-6-hydroxy-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(0.087 g, 0.190 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (0.6 mL) is addedchloromethoxymethane (0.031 g, 0.379 mmol), followed bydiisopropylethylamine (0.049 g, 0.379 mmol). The resulting mixture isstirred at 0° C. for 1 hour, and then is warmed to room temperature over24 h. The mixture is diluted with dichloromethane, quenched by additionof saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, and is extractedthree times with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers are washedwith water and brine. The organic layer is dried over sodium sulfate,filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product ispurified by silica gel chromatography eluting with a linear gradient of0% to 60% ethyl acetate in hexanes over 26 minutes to give the titlecompound (0.089, 93%). ES/MS m/e: 503 (M+1).

Preparation 546-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine

A mixture ofN-(6-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(0.200 g, 0.349 mmol) and hydrazine (0.559 g, 1.75 mmol) in ethanol (4mL) is stirred at 120° C. over night. The mixture is cooled, dilutedwith ethyl acetate and is washed with water. The organic layer is driedover sodium sulfate and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure togive the title compound (0.164 g, 100%). ES/MS m/e: 469 (M+1).

Preparation 55 Racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol

To a solution of6a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole(3.00 g, 4.77 mmol) in THF (10 mL) is added 1 N tetrabutylammoniumfluoride solution in THF (7.15 mL, 7.15 mmol). After stirring at roomtemperature for 2 hours, the reaction mixture is concentrated underreduced pressure to afford a residue that is diluted withdichloromethane and washed with water and brine. The organic layer isdried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate is concentratedunder reduced pressure to give a residue that is purified by silica gelchromatography eluting with a linear gradient of 0% to 10% methanol indichloromethane over 20 minutes to give the title compound as adiastereomeric mixture (2.26 g, 100%). This mixture is purified again onsilica gel chromatography to separate the diastereomers eluting with alinear gradient of 0% to 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes over 15 minutes togive the title compound as a racemic mixture (0.852 g, 37%). ES/MS m/e(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 452, 454 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 34 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol.

TABLE 34 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 55a6a-(3-Bromophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol⁴⁴ 434/436 55b Racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromophenyl)-1- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta- 434/436 [c]isoxazol-5-ol55c Racemic (3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(5-Bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)difluorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro- 470/4721H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol 55d Racemic (3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-4-(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) fluorophenyl)-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H- 422/424cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol ⁴⁴Isolated as a racemic mixture ofdiastereomers.

Preparation 56 Racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-5-methoxyhexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole

Sodium hydride (0.076 g, 1.89 mmol) is added to a 0° C. solution ofracemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-bromophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol(0.684 g, 1.57 mmol) in DMF (7 mL). The reaction is warmed to roomtemperature for 10 minutes and then cooled to 0° C. Methyl iodide (0.246g, 1.73 mmol) is added and the reaction is stirred at room temperaturefor 6 hours. Additional sodium hydride (0.032 g, 0.790 mmol) and methyliodide (0.112 g, 0.790 mmol) is added and the reaction is stirred atroom temperature for 18 hours. The reaction is quenched with water andextracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is dried over sodiumsulfate, filtered and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure. Theresulting residue is purified by silica gel chromatography with 10%ethyl acetate in CH₂Cl₂ to give the title compound (0.443 g, 63%). ES/MSm/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 448, 450 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 35 are prepared essentially by themethod of racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-bromophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-5-methoxyhexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole.

TABLE 35 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 56a6a-(3-Bromophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-5- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)methoxyhexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]- 448/450 isoxazole⁴⁵ 56b Racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-5- 466/468methoxyhexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole ⁴⁵Isolated as a mixture ofdiastereomers.

Preparation 57 Racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-5-isopropoxy-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole

To a mixture of racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol(1.72 g, 4.07 mmol) in dichloromethane (2.5 mL) is added silvertrifluoromethanesulfonate (2.62 g, 10.2 mmol) and powdered dried 4Asieves (1.50 g). A solution of 2-iodopropane (1.73 g, 10.2 mmol) indichloromethane (0.5 mL) is added to the mixture over 15 minutes. Thethick mixture is stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture isdiluted with dichloromethane and is filtered through diatomaceous earth.The solvent is removed under reduced pressure and the residue ispurified by silica gel chromatography with a linear gradient of 0% to10% ethyl acetate in dichloromethane over 15 minutes to give the titlecompound (0.466 g, 25%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 464, 466 (M+1).

Preparation 58 Racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol

A mixture of racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol(0.852 g, 1.79 mmol) and triethylsilane (0.624 g, 5.37 mmol) in TFA (4mL) is heated to 80° C. for 3 h. The reaction is cooled to roomtemperature and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a residuethat is purified on a SCX column washing sequentially withdichloromethane, methanol and 7 N NH₃ in MeOH to give the title compoundas racemic mixture (0.57 g, 100%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 302, 304 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 36 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol.

TABLE 36 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 58a6a-(3-Bromophenyl)hexahydro-1H- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol⁴⁶284/286 58b Racemic (3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(5-Bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)difluorophenyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]- 320/322 isoxazol-5-ol 58cRacemic (3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol- 302/304 5-ol 58d6a-(3-Bromophenyl)-5-methoxyhexahydro-1H- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)cyclopenta[c]isoxazole⁴⁶ 298/300 58e Racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromophenyl)-5- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)methoxyhexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazole 298/300 58f Racemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-5-methoxyhexahydro-1H- 316/318 cyclopenta[c]isoxazole 58gRacemic (3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-Bromo-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-5-isopropoxyhexahydro-1H- 344/346 cyclopenta[c]isoxazole⁴⁶Isolated as a mixture of diastereomers.

Preparation 59 Racemic (1RS,3SR,4RS)-3-Amino-3-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentanol

A mixture ofracemic(3aRS,5RS,6aSR)-6a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]isoxazol-5-ol(0.57 g, 1.89 mmol) and zinc (0.617 g, 9.43 mmol) in acetic acid (12.6mL) is heated to 42° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 hours. Thereaction is cooled to room temperature, filtered, and concentrated underreduced pressure to afford a residue that is purified on a SCX columnwashing sequentially with dichloromethane, methanol and 7 N NH₃ in MeOHto give the title compound as racemic mixture (0.53 g, 92%). ES/MS m/e(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 304, 306 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 37 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of racemic(1RS,3SR,4RS)-3-amino-3-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentanol.

TABLE 37 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 59a3-Amino-3-(3-bromophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) cyclopentanol⁴⁷286/288 59b Racemic (1RS,3SR,4RS)-3-Amino-3-(5-bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)difluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentanol 322/324 59c(2-Amino-2-(3-bromophenyl)-4-methoxy- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) cyclopentyl)methanol⁴⁷300/302 59d Racemic ((1RS,2SR,4RS)-2-Amino-2-(3-bromo- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)phenyl)-4-methoxycyclopentyl)methanol 300/302 59e Racemic((1RS,2SR,4RS)-2-Amino-2-(3-bromo- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxycyclopentyl)methanol 318/320 59f Racemic((1RS,2SR,4RS)-2-Amino-2-(3-bromo- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)4-fluorophenyl)-4-isopropoxycyclopentyl)methanol 346/348 ⁴⁷Isolated as amixture of diastereomers.

Preparation 60 RacemicN-((1SR,2RS,4RS)-1-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentylcarbamothioyl)benzamide

To a solution of racemic(1RS,3SR,4RS)-3-amino-3-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentanol(0.48 g, 1.58 mmol) in THF (6.31 mL) is added benzoyl isothiocyanate(0.263 g, 1.58 mmol) and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for1.5 h. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure and the crudeproduct is purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with a lineargradient of 0% to 10% methanol in dichloromethane over 20 minutes togive the title compound as racemic mixture (0.602 g, 76%). ES/MS m/e(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 467, 469 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 38 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of racemicN-((1SR,2RS,4RS)-1-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentylcarbamothioyl)benzamide.

TABLE 38 Prep. ES/MS No. Chemical name (m/e) 60aN-(1-(3-Bromophenyl)-4-hydroxy-2- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentylcarbamothioyl)- 449/ benzamide⁴⁸ 451 (M + 1)60b Racemic N-((1SR,2RS,4RS)-1-(5-Bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)difluorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclo- 485/pentylcarbamothioyl)benzamide 487 (M + 1) 60cN-(1-(3-Bromophenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)methoxycyclopentylcarbamothioyl)-benzamide⁴⁸ 463/ 465 (M + 1) 60dRacemic N-((1SR,2RS,4RS)-1-(3-Bromophenyl)-2- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxycyclopentyl- 463, carbamothioyl)-benzamide 465(M + 1) 60e Racemic N-((1SR,2RS,4RS)-1-(3-Bromo-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxycyclo- 479,pentylcarbamothioyl)benzamide 481 (M − 1) 60f RacemicN-((1SR,2RS,4RS)-1-(3-Bromo-4-fluoro- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)phenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4- 507,isopropoxycyclopentylcarbamothioyl)benzamide 509 (M − 1) ⁴⁸Isolated as amixture of diastereomers.

Preparation 61 RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

A solution of racemicN-((1SR,2RS,4RS)-1-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentylcarbamothioyl)benzamide(1.21 g, 2.02 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (0.690 mg, 2.63 mmol) inanhydrous THF (18 mL) is added to a separate solution of di-tert-butylazodicarboxylate (0.606 g, 2.63 mmol) in THF (36 mL) at roomtemperature. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1hr and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue that ispurified by silica gel chromatography eluting with a linear gradient of0% to 40% ethyl acetate in dichloromethane over 15 minutes to give thetitle compound as racemic mixture (0.557 g, 61%). ES/MS m/e (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)449, 451 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 39 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation of racemicN44aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide.

TABLE 39 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 61a RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)6-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta- 431/433[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 61b RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(5-Bromo-2,4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)difluorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexa- 467/469hydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 61c RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)6-methoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta- 445/447[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 61d RacemicN-((4aRS,6SR,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromophenyl)- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)6-methoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta- 445/447[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 61e RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromo-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexa- 463/465hydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 61f RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-Bromo-4- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)fluorophenyl)-6-isopropoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexa- 491/493hydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

Preparation 62N-((4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(0.492 g, 1.09 mmol) is purified by chiral HPLC: Column: Chiralcel OJ-H3×25 cm; eluent: 75:25 (methanol:acetonitrile); flow: 40 mL/min at UV225 nm. The second eluting isomer is isolated to provide theenantiomerically enriched title compound (0.171 g, 35%). ES/MS m/e(⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br) 449, 451 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 40 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation ofN-((4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

TABLE 40 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 62aN-((6R,7aS)-7a-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-6- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)methoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta- 463/465[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 62bN-((4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(3-Bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-6- (⁷⁹Br/⁸¹Br)isopropoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta- 491/493[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

Preparation 63N-((4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(4-Fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide

A solution ofN-((4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(0.588 g, 1.31 mmol) in a mixture of 1,2-dimethoxyethane (8 mL), ethanol(4 mL) and water (4 mL) is purged with nitrogen and is heated to 97° C.Pyrimidine-5-boronic acid (0.810 g, 6.54 mmol), cesium carbonate (2.56g, 7.84 mmol) and bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) chloride (0.184g, 0.261 mmol) is added in a single portion and the reaction is heatedat 97° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction is cooled, diluted with water andis extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is dried oversodium sulfate and the crude product is purified by silica gelchromatography with a linear gradient of 0% to 40% ethyl acetate indichloromethane over 20 minutes to give the title compound (0.464 g,79%). ES/MS m/e: 449 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 41 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation ofN-((4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide.

TABLE 41 ES/MS (m/e) Prep Chemical name (M + 1) 63aN-((4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)phenyl)- 4666-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide⁴⁹ 63b Racemic N-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-(5-fluoropyridin-3-448 yl)phenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63c RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-6-hydroxy-7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5- 431yl)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63d RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5- 467yl)phenyl)-6-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63e RacemicN-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-6-methoxy-7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5- 445yl)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63f Racemic N-((4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-(5-fluoropyridin-3-462 yl)phenyl)-6-methoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63g RacemicN-((4aRS,6SR,7aSR)-6-methoxy-7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5- 445yl)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63h N-((6R,7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-6-463 methoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63iN-((4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-6- 491isopropoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63j Racemic N-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-417 4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63kN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a- 417tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63m RacemicN-((4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5- 453yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63nN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)- 4534a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 63pN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)phenyl)- 4704a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide 49 2Nsodium carbonate solution is utilized instead of cesium carbonate.

Example 1N-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Amino-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamidehydrochloride

A solution of 4M hydrogen chloride in dioxane (834.8 μL; 3.3 mmol) isadded to tert-butyl7a-(5-(5-fluoropicolinamido)-2-fluorophenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(91 mg; 167.0 μmol) and stirred at ambient temperature. After 2 days,the reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is dissolvedin minimal dichloromethane and methanol. Ether and hexane are added. Theproduct is precipitated as the salt which is separated from the motherliquor by centrifugation and placed under vacuum to remove any solventpresent to give the title compound (58 mg; 125 mmol). LC-ES/MS m/e 391(M+1); T_(R)=1.675.

Example 1a

To a suspension ofN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-amino-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide(17.3 g, 42.10 mmol) in a mixture of ethanol (631.45 mL) anddichloromethane (420.96 mL) is added a solution of 4 M hydrogen chloridein 1,4-dioxane (46.31 mL, 185.22 mmol). The mixture is stirred at 22° C.for 1 h, concentrated and the residue is triturated with EtOH (200 mL).The solid is filtered off and washed with EtOH. The solid is trituratedwith water and the suspension is concentrated under reduced pressure.The residue is dried in a vacuum oven (18 h, 40° C.) to give the titlecompound as a white solid (17.1 g, 94%). ES/MS m/e: 391 (M+1).

Example 1bN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Amino-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide

To a suspension ofN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Amino-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamidehydrochloride (20 g, 47 mmol) in water (280 mL) at room temperature isadded an aqueous solution of 2N sodium hydroxide (1.2 eq, 27 mL). Themixture is stirred for 30 minutes. The suspension is filtered and thesolid is washed with water (3×100 mL). The solid is dried under vacuumat 45° C. to give the title compound as a white solid. The resultingsolid is purified via the following two methods:

Method A: The solid (16 g) is suspended in 240 mL of water and anaqueous solution of 2N sodium hydroxide is added (1.5 eq, 31 mL). Themixture is placed in an ultrasound bath for 15 min at 22° C. and stirredat 22° C. for 3 h. The white solid is filtered, washed with water (3×100mL), and dried in a vacuum oven at 45° C. overnight to yield the titlecompound (14 g). ES/MS m/e 391 (M+1).

Method B: The solid (3 g) is suspended in methanol (40 mL) and heatedbetween 62 to 64° C. for 15 h with seeding with seeds of the free baseofN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Amino-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide.The mixture is cooled to room temperature and the slurry is filtered.The solid is washed with methanol and dried in a vacuum oven at 50° C.for 4 h to yield the title compound (2.3 g). ES/MS m/e 391 (M+1).

Example 2N-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Amino-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-5-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamidedihydrochloride

Pyridine (0.44 mL, 5.46 mmol) is added to a mixture ofN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-benzamido-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-5-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide(0.27 g, 0.546 mmol) and O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.456 g,5.46 mmol) in ethanol (15 mL). The resulting mixture is stirred at 50°C. for 6 h. The mixture is cooled to room temperature and stirring iscontinued for 3 days. The mixture is diluted with dichloromethane andaqueous 0.1 M NaOH and is extracted five times with dichloromethane. Thecombined organic phase is diluted with MeOH to make a homogenoussolution, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent isremoved under reduced pressure to give a residue that is purified onsilica gel with 5% methanol in dichloromethane to give the titlecompound as the freebase (0.109 g, 51%). Hydrogen chloride is bubbledthrough the solution ofN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-amino-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-5-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide(0.109 g, 0.279 mmol) in methanol for approximately 5 min. The solutionis then concentrated under reduced pressure and dried on high vacuum toyield the title compound (0.128 g, 51%). ES/MS m/e: 391 (M+1)

The following compounds in Table 42 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation ofN-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-amino-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-5-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamidedihydrochloride.

TABLE 42 ES/MS (m/e) Ex Chemical name Structure (M + 1) 3N-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Amino-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)phenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide hydrochloride

373 4 Racemic N-(3-((4aSR,7aSR)-2-Amino-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)phenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide hydrochloride

373

Example 5N-(3-((8aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)phenyl)-5-chloropicolinamidedihydrochloride

To a solution of tert-butyl(8aS)-8a-(3-(5-chloropicolinamido)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(0.172 g, 0.342 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (8 mL) is added TFA (4 mL) and thereaction is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solvent isremoved under reduced pressure. The residue is purified on a 10 g SCXcolumn using 4:1 CH₂Cl₂:MeOH followed by 2:1 CH₂Cl₂:7 N NH₃ in MeOH toafford the title compound as a freebase (0.127 g, 92%). The freebase(0.124 g, 0.308 mmol) is dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and treated with 1 M HCl inEt₂O (0.65 mL, 0.605 mmol) and the solvent is removed under reducedpressure to afford the title compound (0.127 g, 78%). ES/MS m/e(³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl) 403, 405 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 43 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation ofN-(3-((8aS)-2-amino-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)phenyl)-5-chloropicolinamidedihydrochloride.

TABLE 43 ES/MS (m/e) Ex Chemical name Structure (M + 1)  6N-(3-((8aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,7,8,8a- hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)-4- fluorophenyl)-5-chloropicolinamidehydrochloride

(³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl) 421, 423  7 N-(3-((8aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3- d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropicolinamide dihydrochloride

405  8 N-(3-((8aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,7,8,8a- hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)-4- fluorophenyl)thiazole-2- carboxamidehydrochloride

393  9 N-(3-((8aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,7,8,8a- hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)-4- fluorophenyl)picolinamide dihydrochloride

387 10 N-(3-((8aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,7,8,8a- hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)-4- fluorophenyl)-5-chloropyrimidine- 2-carboxamidehydrochloride

(³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl) 422, 424 11 N-(3-((8aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3- d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropyrimidine- 2-carboxamide hydrochloride

406 12 N-(5-((8aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,7,8,8a- hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)-2- fluorophenyl)-5-chloropicolinamidedihydrochloride

(³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl) 421, 423 13 N-(3-((8aS)-2-Amino-4a,5,6,7,8,8a- hexahydro-4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin-8a-yl)phenyl)- 5-chloropicolinamide dihydrochloride

(³⁵Cl/³⁷Cl) 401, 403 14 N-(3-((4aR,7aS)-2-Amino- 4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin- 7a-yl)phenyl)isonicotinamidedihydrochloride⁵⁰

353 15 N-(3-((4aR,7aS)-2-Amino- 4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin- 7a-yl)phenyl)picolinamidedihydrochloride⁵⁰

353 16 N-(3-((7aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin- 7a-yl)phenyl)pyrazine-2- carboxamidedihydrochloride⁵⁰

354 17 N-(3-((7aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin- 7a-yl)phenyl)pyrimidine-2-carboxamide dihydrochloride⁵⁰

354 18 N-(3-((7aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin- 7a-yl)phenyl)benzamidehydrochloride⁵⁰

352 19 N-(3-((7aS)-2-Amino-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin- 7a-yl)phenyl)pyrimidine-4-carboxamide dihydrochloride⁵⁰

354 20 N-(3-((4aR,7aS)-2-Amino- 4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin- 7a-yl)phenyl)-5- chloropicolinamide;hydrochloride⁵¹

387 21 N-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Amino- 4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4- fluorophenyl)-5-chloropicolinamidedihydrochloride⁵⁰

407 22 N-(3-((4aS,7aS)-2-Amino- 4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-4- fluorophenyl)-5-fluoropyrimidine- 2-carboxamidedihydrochloride⁵⁰

392 ⁵⁰4 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane is utilized for deprotection instead of TFAto afford the HCl salt directly. ⁵¹HCl gas in dichloromethane/diethylether is utilized for deprotection instead of TFA to afford the HCl saltdirectly.

Example 23(8aS)-8a-(2,4-Difluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-aminedihydrochloride

To a solution of tert-butyl8a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(0.258 g, 0.558 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (8 mL) is added TFA (4 mL) and thereaction is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solvent isremoved under reduced pressure to afford a residue that is diluted withwater and 1 N NaOH to adjust the pH to 12. The aqueous layer isextracted three times with EtOAc. The organic layer is dried over Na₂SO₄and the crude product is purified by silica gel chromatography elutingwith a linear gradient of 1% to 10% 7 N NH₃/MeOH in CH₂Cl₂ to afford thetitle compound as the freebase (0.165 g, 68%). The freebase (0.162 g,0.448 mmol) is dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and treated with of 1 M HCl in Et₂O(0.94 mL, 0.940 mmol) and the solvent is removed under reduced pressureto afford the title compound (0.208 g, 86%). ES/MS m/e: 363 (M+1).

Example 24(4aR,7aS)-7a-(3-(Pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-aminedihydrochloride

A mixture of tert-butyl(4aR,7aS)-7a-(3-bromophenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-ylcarbamate(0.860 g, 2.09 mmol), pyrimidine-5-boronic acid (0.423 g, 3.34 mmol),(1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) chloride (0.171 g,0.209 mmol) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (10 mL) is heated to 100° C. undernitrogen atmosphere. Aqueous 2 M sodium carbonate (3.14 mL, 6.27 mmol)is added to the reaction mixture by syringe. The resulting mixture isstirred at 110° C. for 20 minutes. The reaction is cooled and extractedthree times with dichloromethane and the combined extracts are driedover sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with alinear gradient of methanol in dichloromethane 0 to 20% over 30 minutesto give the title compound as a freebase (0.482 g, 74%). ES/MS m/e: 311(M+1).

To the solution of(4aR,7aS)-7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine(0.482 g, 1.55 mmol) in methanol (2 mL) is added 4 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane(2 mL) at room temperature. The resulting mixture is stirred at roomtemperature for 1 hour and is concentrated under reduced pressure togive the title compound (0.595 g, 100%). ES/MS m/e: 311 (M+1).

The following compound in Table 44 is prepared essentially as describedin the preparation of(4aR,7aS)-7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-aminedihydrochloride.

TABLE 44 ES/MS (m/e) Ex Chemical name Structure (M + 1) 25(8aS)-8a-(3-(Pyrimidin-5- yl)phenyl)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine dihydrochloride

325

Example 26(7aS)-7a-(4-Fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-aminedihydrochloride

To a mixture of5-((4aR,7aS)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl)-2-fluorophenyltrifluoromethanesulfonate (0.630 g, 1.26 mmol), pyrimidin-5-ylboronicacid (0.189 g, 1.53 mmol), tricyclohexylphosphine (0.035 g, 0.125 mmol)and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.057 g, 0.0622 mmol) in1,4-dioxane (6 mL) is added 1.27 M aqueous potassium phosphate,tribasic, N-hydrate (1.76 mL, 2.24 mmol). The mixture is heated to 73°C. and stirred overnight. The reaction is cooled and diluted with waterand EtOAc. The organic layer is dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated todryness and the crude product is purified by silica gel chromatographyeluting with a linear gradient of 1% to 10% 7 N NH₃/MeOH in CH₂Cl₂ toafford the title compound as the freebase (0.191 g, 46%). The freebase(0.191 g, 0.582 mmol) is dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and treated with of 1 M HClin Et₂O (1.16 mL, 1.16 mmol) and the solvent is removed under reducedpressure to afford the title compound (0.24 g, 47.5%). ES/MS m/e: 329(M+1).

Example 27(4aR,6R,7aS)-2-Amino-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-6-olhydrochloride

A mixture ofN-((4aR,6R,7aS)-6-hydroxy-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(0.061 g, 0.133 mmol), o-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.111 g, 1.3mmol) and pyridine (0.105 g, 1.30 mmol) in ethanol (5 mL) is heated to50° C. for 15 h. The mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure. Thecrude product is purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 0.5%to 10% NH₃ (7 N solution in methanol) in dichloromethane over 30 minutesto afford the title compound as a freebase (0.041 g, 87%). ES/MS m/e:355 (M+1). A 1 N solution of HCl in Et₂O (0.139 mL, 0.139 mmol) is addedto a solution of(4aR,6R,7aS)-2-amino-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-6-ol(0.041 g, 0.116 mmol) in minimal dichloromethane and methanol. Thesolvent is removed under reduced pressure to give the title compound(0.045 g, 86%). ES/MS m/e: 355 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 45 are prepared essentially asdescribed in the preparation(4aR,6R,7aS)-2-amino-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-6-olhydrochloride.

TABLE 45 ES/MS (m/e) Ex Chemical name Structure (M + 1) 28(4aR,6R,7aS)-6-Methoxy-7a-(3′- methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-2- amine hydrochloride

369 29 (4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(3′- Methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-6-(methoxymethoxy)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- hexahydrocyclopenta[d][l,3]thiazin-2-amine hydrochloride

399 30 (4aR,6R,7aS)-2-Amino-7a-(4-fluoro- 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-6-ol dihydrochloride

345 31 4aR,6R,7aS)-2-Amino-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)phenyl)- 4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-6-ol dihydrochloride

362 32 Racemic (4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-2-Amino- 7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-6-ol dihydrochloride

327 33 Racemic (4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-2-Amino- 7a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-6-oldihydrochloride

363 34 Racemic (4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-2-Amino-7a-(3-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)phenyl)- 4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-6-ol dihydrochloride

344 35 Racemic (4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-6- Methoxy-7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-2-amine

341 36 Racemic (4aRS,6SR,7aSR)-6- Methoxy-7a-(3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-2-amine

341 37 Racemic (4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(3-(5- Fluoropyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-6-methoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-2-amine

358 38 (4aRS,6RS,7aSR)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-6-methoxy- 4,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-2-amine dihydrochloride

359 39 Racemic (4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(3- (Pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3] thiazin-2-amine dihydrochloride

313 40 (4aS,7aS)-7a-(3-(Pyrimidin-5- yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine dihydrochloride

313 41 (4aR,6R,7aS)-7a-(4-Fluoro-3- (pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-6-isopropoxy-4,4a,5,6,7,7a- hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3] thiazin-2-aminedihydrochloride

387

Example 42(4aS,7aS)-7a-(2,4-Difluoro-5-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-aminedihydrochloride

N Aqueous hydrochloric acid (8.70 mL) is added toN-((4aS,7aS)-7a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)benzamide(0.252 g, 0.435 mmol) in methanol (4 mL) and the mixture is heated to90° C. After 18 hours, the heat is removed and the pH of the reactionmixture is adjusted to basic with 5 N aqueous sodium hydroxide. Themixture is extracted three times with 10% isopropyl alcohol indichloromethane. The organic layer is concentrated under reducedpressure and the resulting residue is purified by radial chromatographyeluting with 3% 2 M ammonia in methanol:dichloromethane to give thetitle compound as the freebase. The free base is dissolved in minimaldichloromethane and 1 M hydrogen chloride in ether is added in excess.Hexane (1 mL) is added and the solvent is removed under reduced pressureto give the title compound (0.129 g, 67%). ES/MS m/e: 366 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 46 are prepared essentially by themethod of(4aS,7aS)-7a-(2,4-difluoro-5-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-aminedihydrochloride.

TABLE 46 MS (m/e) Ex Chemical name Structure (M + 1) 43 Racemic(4aSR,7aSR)-7a-(2,4- Difluoro-5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine dihydrochloride

349 44 (4aS,7aS)-7a-(2,4-Difluoro-5- (pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine dihydrochloride

349

Example 45(4aS,7aS)-7a-(4-Fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-aminedihydrochloride

A solution of 1 M hydrogen chloride in diethyl ether is added in excessto(4aS,7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-amine(22 mg, 66.59 mmol) in minimal dichloromethane. The solvent is removedunder reduced pressure to give the title compound (27 mg, 100%).LC-ES/MS m/e: 331 (M+1).

The following compounds in Table 47 are prepared essentially by themethod of(4aS,7aS)-7a-(4-fluoro-3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-2-aminedihydrochloride.

TABLE 47 MS (m/e) Ex Chemical name Structure (M + 1) 46(4aS,7aS)-7a-(2-Fluoro-5- (pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)-4a,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,4- d][1,3]thiazin-2- aminedihydrochloride

331

In Vitro Assay Procedures:

For in vitro enzymatic and cellular assays, test compounds are preparedin DMSO to make up a 10 mM stock solution. The stock solution isserially diluted in DMSO to obtain a ten-point dilution curve with finalcompound concentrations ranging from 10 mM to 1 nM in a 96-wellround-bottom plate before conducting the in vitro enzymatic and wholecell assays.

In Vitro Protease Inhibition Assays: BACE1 FRET Assay

Serial dilutions of test compounds are prepared as described above.Compounds are further diluted 20× in KH₂PO₄ buffer. Ten μL of eachdilution is added to each well on row A to H of a corresponding lowprotein binding black plate containing the reaction mixture (25 μL of 50mM KH₂PO₄, pH 4.6, 1 mM TRITON® X-100, 1 mg/mL Bovine Serum Albumin, and15 μM of FRET substrate) (See Yang, et. al., J. Neurochemistry, 91(6)1249-59 (2004)). The content is mixed well on a plate shaker for 10minutes. Fifteen μL of two hundred pM human BACE1(1-460):Fc (See Vasser,et al., Science, 286, 735-741 (1999)) in the KH₂PO₄ buffer is added tothe plate containing substrate and test compounds to initiate thereaction. The RFU of the mixture at time 0 is recorded at excitationwavelength 355 nm and emission wavelength 460 nm, after brief mixing ona plate shaker. The reaction plate is covered with aluminum foil andkept in a dark humidified oven at room temperature for 16 to 24 h. TheRFU at the end of incubation is recorded with the same excitation andemission settings used at time 0. The difference of the RFU at time 0and the end of incubation is representative of the activity of BACE1under the compound treatment. RFU differences are plotted versusinhibitor concentration and a curve is fitted with a four-parameterlogistic equation to obtain the EC₅₀ and IC₅₀ values. (See Sinha, etal., Nature, 402, 537-540 (2000)).

The compounds exemplified herein were tested essentially as describedabove and exhibited an IC₅₀ value for BACE1 of lower than 1 μM. Thefollowing exemplified compounds were tested essentially as describedabove and exhibited the following activity for BACE1:

TABLE 48 EXAMPLE BACE1 IC₅₀ (nM) 1 20.3 8 179 32 346 25 731

These data demonstrate that the compounds of Table 48 inhibit purifiedrecombinant BACE1 enzyme activity in vitro.

Expression of Human BACE1

Human BACE1 (accession number: AF190725) is cloned from total brain cDNAby room temperature-PCR. The nucleotide sequences corresponding to aminoacid sequences #1 to 460 are inserted into the cDNA encoding human IgG₁(Fc) polypeptide (Vassar et al. 1999). This fusion protein ofBACE1(1-460) and human Fc, named huBACE1:Fc, is constructed into thepJB02 vector. Human BACE1(1-460):Fc (huBACE1:Fc) is transientlyexpressed in HEK293 cells. 250 μg cDNA of each construct is mixed withFugene 6 and added to 1 liter HEK293 cells. Four days after thetransfection, conditioned media are harvested for purification.

Purification of huBACE1:Fc

huBACE1:Fc is purified by Protein A chromatography. The enzyme is storedat −80° C. in small aliquots.

Whole Cell Assays for Measuring the Inhibition of Beta-SecretaseActivity HEK293Swe Whole Cell Assay

The routine whole cell assay for the measurement of inhibition ofbeta-secretase activity utilizes the human embryonic kidney cell lineHEK293p (ATCC Accession No. CRL-1573) stably expressing a human APP751cDNA containing the naturally occurring double mutation Lys651Met652 toAsn651Leu652, commonly called the Swedish mutation (notedHEK293/APP751sw) and shown to overproduce Abeta (Citron, et al., Nature,360, 672-674 (1992)). In vitro Abeta reduction assays have beendescribed in the literature (See Dovey, et al., Journal ofNeurochemistry, 76, 173-181 (2001); Seubert, et al., Nature, 361, 260(1993); and Johnson-Wood, et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94,1550-1555 (1997)).

Cells (HEK293/APP751sw at 3.5×10⁴ cells/well, containing 200 μL culturemedia, DMEM containing 10% FBS) are incubated at 37° C. for 4 to 24 h inthe presence/absence of inhibitors (diluted in DMSO) at the desiredconcentration. At the end of the incubation, conditioned media areanalyzed for evidence of beta-secretase activity, for example, byanalysis of Abeta peptides. Total Abeta peptides (Abeta 1-x) aremeasured by a sandwich ELISA, using monoclonal 266 as a capture antibodyand biotinylated 3D6 as reporting antibody. Alternatively, Abeta 1-40and Abeta 1-42 peptides are measured by a sandwich ELISA, usingmonoclonal 2G3 as a capture antibody for Abeta 1-40, and monoclonal21F12 as a capture antibody for Abeta 1-42. Both Abeta 1-40 and Abeta1-42 ELISAs use biotinylated 3D6 as the reporting antibody. Theconcentration of Abeta released in the conditioned media following thecompound treatment corresponds to the activity of BACE1 under suchconditions. The 10-point inhibition curve is plotted and fitted with thefour-parameter logistic equation to obtain the EC₅₀ and IC₅₀ values forthe Abeta-lowering effect. The following exemplified compounds weretested essentially as described above and exhibited the followingactivity for Abeta lowering effect:

TABLE 49 HEK 293 Swe A- HEK 293 Swe A-beta beta (1-40) ELISA (1-42)ELISA EXAMPLE IC₅₀ (nM) IC₅₀ (nM) 1 18.5 19.7 8 78.0 89.6 32 670 173 251360 1150

These data demonstrate that the compounds of Table 49 inhibit nativeendogenous human BACE1 in cells in vitro.

PDAPP Primary Neuronal Assay

A confirmatory whole cell assay is also run in primary neuronal culturesgenerated from PDAPP transgenic embryonic mice. Primary cortical neuronsare prepared from Embryonic Day 16 PDAPP embryos and cultured in 96 wellplates (15×10⁴ cells/well in DMEM/F12 (1:1) plus 10% FBS). After 4-6days in vitro, culture media is replaced with serum free DMEM/F12 (1:1)containing B27 supplement and neurons are incubated at 37° C. for 24 hin the presence/absence of inhibitors (diluted in DMSO) at the desiredconcentration. At the end of the incubation, conditioned media areanalyzed for evidence of beta-secretase activity, for example, byanalysis of Abeta peptides. Total Abeta peptides (Abeta 1-x) aremeasured by a sandwich ELISA, using monoclonal 266 as a capture antibodyand biotinylated 3D6 as reporting antibody. Alternatively, Abeta 1-40and Abeta 1-42 peptides are measured by a sandwich ELISA, usingmonoclonal 2G3 as a capture antibody for Abeta 1-40, and monoclonal21F12 as a capture antibody for Abeta 1-42. Both Abeta 1-40 and Abeta1-42 ELISAs use biotinylated 3D6 as the reporting antibody. Theconcentration of Abeta released in the conditioned media following thecompound treatment corresponds to the activity of BACE1 under suchconditions. The 10-point inhibition curve is plotted and fitted with thefour-parameter logistic equation to obtain the EC₅₀ and IC₅₀ values forthe Abeta-lowering effect. The following exemplified compounds weretested essentially as described above and exhibited the followingactivity for Abeta lowering effect:

TABLE 50 PDAPP Neuron A- PDAPP Neuron A- beta (1-40) ELISA beta (1-42)ELISA EXAMPLE IC₅₀ (nM) IC₅₀ (nM) 1 10.7 9.23 8 32.8 41.3 32 436 352 25734 659

These data demonstrate that the compounds of Table 50 inhibit native,endogenous murine BACE1 in cells in vitro.

In Vivo Inhibition of Beta-Secretase

Several animal models, including mouse, guinea pig, dog, and monkey, maybe used to screen for inhibition of beta-secretase activity in vivofollowing compound treatment. Animals used in this invention can be wildtype, transgenic, or gene knockout animals. For example, the PDAPP mousemodel, prepared as described in Games et al., Nature 373, 523-527(1995), and other non-transgenic or gene knockout animals are useful toanalyze in vivo inhibition of Abeta and sAPPbeta production in thepresence of inhibitory compounds. Generally, 2 to 12 month old PDAPPmice, gene knockout mice or non-transgenic animals are administeredcompound formulated in vehicles, such as corn oil, cyclodextran,phosphate buffers, PHARMASOLVE®, or other suitable vehicles. One totwenty-four hours following the administration of compound, animals aresacrificed, and brains as well as cerebrospinal fluid and plasma areremoved for analysis of Abetas, C99, and sAPP fragments. (See Dovey, etal., Journal of Neurochemistry, 76, 173-181 (2001); and Johnson-Wood, etal., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 1550-1555 (1997)).

For standard in vivo pharmacology studies, animals are dosed withvarious concentrations of compound and compared to a vehicle-treatedcontrol group dosed at the same time. For some time course studies,brain tissue, plasma, or cerebrospinal fluid is obtained from selectedanimals, beginning at time 0 to establish a baseline. Compound isadministered to other groups and sacrificed at various times afterdosing. Brain tissue, plasma, or cerebrospinal fluid is obtained fromselected animals and analyzed for the presence of APP cleavage products,including Abeta peptides, sAPPbeta, and other APP fragments, forexample, by specific sandwich ELISA assays. At the end of the testperiod, animals are sacrificed and brain tissues, plasma, orcerebrospinal fluid are analyzed for the presence of Abeta peptides,C99, and sAPPbeta, as appropriate. Brain tissues of APP transgenicanimals are also analyzed for the amount of beta-amyloid plaquesfollowing compound treatment.

Animals (PDAPP or other APP transgenic or non-transgenic mice)administered an inhibitory compound may demonstrate the reduction ofAbeta or sAPPbeta in brain tissues, plasma or cerebrospinal fluids anddecrease of beta amyloid plaques in brain tissue, as compared withvehicle-treated controls or time zero controls. For example, 3 hoursafter administration of 10 mg/kg subcutaneous dose of the compound ofExample 1 to young female PDAPP mice, Abeta 1-x peptide, C99 and sAPPblevels are reduced approximately 64%, 60%, and 44% in brain cortex,respectively, compared to vehicle-treated mice. Similarly, 3 hours afteradministration of a 10 mg/kg oral dose of the compound of Example 1 toyoung female PDAPP mice, Abeta 1-x peptide, C99 and sAPPb levels arereduced approximately 54%, 34% and 42% in brain cortex, respectively,compared to vehicle-treated mice. Consistent with changes in brainAbeta, C99 and sAPPb, 3 hours after oral administration of a 10 mg/kgdose of the compound of Example 1, CSF Abeta 1-x and 1-42 levels arereduced by approximately 62% and 62%, respectively. Consistent with amechanism of BACE inhibition in vivo, CSF sAPPbeta levels are reduced22%, while CSF sAPPalpha levels are unchanged 3 hours after oraladministration of a 10 mg/kg dose of the compound of Example 1.

The compounds of the present invention are preferably formulated aspharmaceutical compositions administered by a variety of routes. Mostpreferably, such compounds are for oral administration. Suchpharmaceutical compositions and processes for preparing same are wellknown in the art. See, e.g., Remington: The Science and Practice ofPharmacy (A. Gennaro, et. al., eds., 19^(th) ed., Mack Publishing Co.,1995).

The compounds of Formula I are generally effective over a wide dosagerange. For example, dosages per day normally fall within the range ofabout 0.01 to about 30 mg/kg of body weight. In some instances dosagelevels below the lower limit of the aforesaid range may be more thanadequate, while in other cases still larger doses may be employedwithout causing any harmful side effect, and therefore the above dosagerange is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Itwill be understood that the amount of the compound actually administeredwill be determined by a physician, in the light of the relevantcircumstances, including the condition to be treated, the chosen routeof administration, the actual compound or compounds administered, theage, weight, and response of the individual patient, and the severity ofthe patient's symptoms.

1-17. (canceled)
 18. A compound which is(4aR,6R,7aS)-2-Amino-7a-(3′-methoxybiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4-a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[d][1,3]thiazin-6-ol;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.